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Intercalated discs are complex structures that connect adjacent cardiac muscle cells. The three types of cell junction recognised as making up an intercalated disc are desmosomes, fascia adherens junctions, and gap junctions. [2] Fascia adherens are anchoring sites for actin, and connect to the closest sarcomere. [3]
Intercalated discs are part of the cardiac muscle cell sarcolemma and they contain gap junctions and desmosomes. The cardiac syncytium is a network of cardiomyocytes connected by intercalated discs that enable the rapid transmission of electrical impulses through the network, enabling the syncytium to act in a coordinated contraction of the ...
The action potential passes along the cell membrane causing the cell to contract, therefore the activity of the sinoatrial node results in a resting heart rate of roughly 60–100 beats per minute. All cardiac muscle cells are electrically linked to one another, by intercalated discs which allow the action potential to pass from one cell to the ...
Desmin is a subunit of intermediate filaments in cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle and smooth muscle tissue. [13] In cardiac muscle, desmin is present in Z-discs and intercalated discs . Desmin has been shown to interact with desmoplakin [ 14 ] and αB-crystallin .
Cardiac muscle cells are joined to neighboring cells by intercalated discs, and when joined in a visible unit they are described as a cardiac muscle fiber. [8] Smooth muscle cells control involuntary movements such as the peristalsis contractions in the esophagus and stomach. Smooth muscle has no myofibrils or sarcomeres and is therefore non ...
They are found in ventricular muscle cells in most species, and in atrial muscle cells from large mammals. [5] In cardiac muscle cells, across different species, T-tubules are between 20 and 450 nanometers in diameter and are usually located in regions called Z-discs where the actin myofilaments anchor within the cell. [1]
The ensuing madness was one of the wilder and weirder stories in NFL lore — part who done it, part high-paid legal drama, part science lesson, part Rorschach test, part character assassination ...
Details of intercalated discs. Cardiomyocytes, are considerably shorter and have smaller diameters than skeletal myocytes. Cardiac muscle (like skeletal muscle) is characterized by striations – the stripes of dark and light bands resulting from the organised arrangement of myofilaments and myofibrils in the sarcomere along the length of the cell.