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Lisp (historically LISP, an abbreviation of "list processing") is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive, fully parenthesized prefix notation. [3] Originally specified in the late 1950s, it is the second-oldest high-level programming language still in common use, after Fortran .
List of Lisp-family programming languages. The programming language Lisp is the second-oldest high-level programming language with direct descendants and closely related dialects still in widespread use today. The language Fortran is older by one year. [1][2] Lisp, like Fortran, has changed a lot since its early days, and many dialects have ...
Common Lisp is sometimes termed a Lisp-2 and Scheme a Lisp-1, referring to CL's use of separate namespaces for functions and variables. (In fact, CL has many namespaces, such as those for go tags, block names, and loop keywords). There is a long-standing controversy between CL and Scheme advocates over the tradeoffs involved in multiple namespaces.
A Knight machine preserved in the MIT Museum. Lisp machines are general-purpose computers designed to efficiently run Lisp as their main software and programming language, usually via hardware support. They are an example of a high-level language computer architecture. In a sense, they were the first commercial single-user workstations.
Garbage collection was invented by American computer scientist John McCarthy around 1959 to simplify manual memory management in Lisp. [3] Garbage collection relieves the programmer from doing manual memory management, where the programmer specifies what objects to de-allocate and return to the memory system and when to do so. [4]
The LISP Logo. Locator/ID Separation Protocol (LISP) (RFC 6830) is a "map-and-encapsulate" protocol which is developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force LISP Working Group. [1] The basic idea behind the separation is that the Internet architecture combines two functions, routing locators (where a client is attached to the network) and ...
The Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) is the facility for object-oriented programming in ANSI Common Lisp. CLOS is a powerful dynamic object system which differs radically from the OOP facilities found in more static languages such as C++ or Java. CLOS was inspired by earlier Lisp object systems such as MIT Flavors and CommonLoops, although it ...
S-expression. In computer programming, an S-expression (or symbolic expression, abbreviated as sexpr or sexp) is an expression in a like-named notation for nested list (tree -structured) data. S-expressions were invented for and popularized by the programming language Lisp, which uses them for source code as well as data.