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Finnish Center for Alternative Methods (FICAM), since 2008 [115] FRANCOPA is the French platform dedicated to development, validation, and dissemination of alternative methods in animal testing. It was created on November 16, 2007. [116] The Italian Centro 3R was created in 2017. It is an interuniversity center dedicated to the promotion of the ...
A list of chemical analysis methods with acronyms. A. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) Atomic ... Analytical chemistry; List of materials analysis methods
The Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM) coordinates U.S. federal government evaluation of new, revised, and alternative test methods. Alternative methods are methods for safety testing of chemicals and chemical products that use fewer or no animals or that minimize or prevent animal pain and ...
Analytical chemistry has been important since the early days of chemistry, providing methods for determining which elements and chemicals are present in the object in question. During this period, significant contributions to analytical chemistry included the development of systematic elemental analysis by Justus von Liebig and systematized ...
Enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) is a common method for qualitative and quantitative determination of therapeutic and recreational drugs and certain proteins in serum and urine. [1] It is an immunoassay in which a drug or metabolite in the sample competes with a drug/metabolite labelled with an enzyme, to bind to an antibody. The ...
The Carius halogen method measures halides quantitatively. [1] Chemical tests for cyanide test for the presence of cyanide, CN −; Copper sulfate tests for the presence of water; Flame tests test for metals; The Gilman test tests for the presence of a Grignard reagent; The Kjeldahl method quantitatively determines the presence of nitrogen
Student's t-test, Analysis of variance, Mann–Whitney U test: Repeated measures design: A research design that involves multiple measures of the same variable taken on the same or matched subjects either under different conditions or over two or more time periods. [1] Paired t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test
The possibility of life-forms being based on "alternative" biochemistries is the topic of an ongoing scientific discussion, informed by what is known about extraterrestrial environments and about the chemical behaviour of various elements and compounds. It is of interest in synthetic biology and is also a common subject in science fiction.