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A major offshoot of existentialism as a philosophy is existentialist psychology and psychoanalysis, which first crystallized in the work of Otto Rank, Freud's closest associate for 20 years. Without awareness of the writings of Rank, Ludwig Binswanger was influenced by Freud , Edmund Husserl , Heidegger , and Sartre .
The three-word formula originated in his 1945 [6] lecture "Existentialism Is a Humanism", though antecedent notions can be found in Heidegger's Being and Time. [ 7 ] As a result, for Sartre, "existence precedes essence" not only defines and determines his own existential thinking or interpretation of existentialism, but also any thinking or ...
Humanistic psychology; Individual psychology; Industrial psychology; Liberation psychology; Logotherapy; Organismic psychology; Organizational psychology; Phenomenological psychology; Process psychology; Psychoanalysis; Psychohistory; Psychology of self; Radical behaviorism - often considered a school of philosophy, not psychology; Social ...
Muuss also believed existentialism to be inherently pessimistic, as it brought the "meaningfulness and the absurdity of existence" to light. [16] Muuss condensed these thoughts and beliefs about existentialism into the following ten characteristics: [16] Existentialism is the philosophy of freedom; Existentialism is a type of humanism
Related to the philosophy of psychology are philosophical and epistemological inquiries about clinical psychiatry and psychopathology. Philosophy of psychiatry is mainly concerned with the role of values in psychiatry: derived from philosophical value theory and phenomenology , values-based practice is aimed at improving and humanizing clinical ...
Existential therapy is a form of psychotherapy based on the model of human nature and experience developed by the existential tradition of European philosophy. It focuses on the psychological experience revolving around universal human truths of existence such as death , freedom , isolation and the search for the meaning of life . [ 1 ]
His existential phenomenology, which is articulated in his works such as Being and Nothingness (1943), is based on the distinction between being-in-itself and being-for-itself. [10] Beauvoir placed her discourse on existential phenomenology within her intertwining of literature and philosophy as a way to reflect concrete experience.
However he was also influenced by the modern philosophy existentialism and instrumentalism. In his textbook Building a Philosophy of Education he has two major ideas that are the main points to his philosophical outlook: The first is truth and the second is universal structures to be found in humanity's struggle for education and the good life.