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The availability of Subscriber Identity Modules allows users to switch networks and handsets at will, aside from a subsidy lock. GSM covers virtually all parts of the world so international roaming is not a problem. The much bigger number of subscribers globally creates a better network effect for GSM handset makers, carriers and end users.
EDGE/EGPRS is implemented as a bolt-on enhancement for 2.5G GSM/GPRS networks, making it easier for existing GSM carriers to upgrade to it. EDGE is a superset to GPRS and can function on any network with GPRS deployed on it, provided the carrier implements the necessary upgrade. EDGE requires no hardware or software changes to be made in GSM ...
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) (E-GPRS) and Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) provide improved radio interfaces with higher data rates, while still being backward compatible with the GSM core network. Enhanced Circuit Switched Data (ECSD) was developed alongside GPRS/EDGE [2]
Typical 2G standards include GSM and IS-95 with extensions via GPRS, EDGE and 1xRTT, providing Internet access to users of originally voice centric 2G networks. Both EDGE and 1xRTT are 3G standards, as defined by the ITU, but are usually marketed as 2.9G due to their comparatively low speeds and high delays when compared to true 3G technologies.
GSM Features Phase 2: 1995 GSM Features, EFR Codec, Release 96: 1997 Q1 GSM Features, 14.4 kbit/s User Data Rate, Release 97: 1998 Q1 GSM Features, GPRS: Release 98: 1999 Q1 GSM Features, AMR codec, EDGE, GPRS for PCS1900 Release 99: 2000 Q1 Specified the first UMTS 3G networks, incorporating a CDMA air interface [9] Release 4: 2001 Q2
Phases 1 and 2 were defined before 3G networks existed, and as such support adding IN services to a GSM network, although they are equally applicable to 2.5G and 3G networks. Phase 3 was defined for 3GPP Releases 99 and 4, and hence is a GSM and UMTS common specification, while Phase 4 was defined as part of 3GPP Release 5.
The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a 3G mobile cellular system for networks based on the GSM standard. Developed and maintained by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), UMTS is a component of the International Telecommunication Union IMT-2000 standard set and compares with the CDMA2000 standard set for networks based on the competing cdmaOne technology.
EUTRAN architecture as part of a LTE and SAE network E-UTRA is the air interface of 3rd Generation Partnership Project ( 3GPP ) Long Term Evolution (LTE) upgrade path for mobile networks. It is an acronym for Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access , [ 1 ] also known as the Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access in early drafts of the 3GPP ...