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ECMAScript (/ ˈ ɛ k m ə s k r ɪ p t /; ES) [1] is a standard for scripting languages, including JavaScript, JScript, and ActionScript. It is best known as a JavaScript standard intended to ensure the interoperability of web pages across different web browsers. [2] It is standardized by Ecma International in the document ECMA-262.
The proposed fourth edition of ECMA-262 (ECMAScript 4 or ES4) would have been the first major update to ECMAScript since the third edition was published in 1999. The specification (along with a reference implementation) was originally targeted for completion by October 2008. [ 15 ]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 18 January 2025. High-level programming language Not to be confused with Java (programming language), Javanese script, or ECMAScript. JavaScript Screenshot of JavaScript source code Paradigm Multi-paradigm: event-driven, functional, imperative, procedural, object-oriented Designed by Brendan Eich of ...
Since ECMAScript is the standardized specification of JavaScript, ECMAScript engine is another name for these implementations. With the advent of WebAssembly , some engines can also execute this code in the same sandbox as regular JavaScript code.
CommonJS's specification of how modules should work is widely used today for server-side JavaScript with Node.js. [1] It is also used for browser-side JavaScript, but that code must be packaged with a transpiler since browsers don't support CommonJS. [1]
Web IDL is an interface description language (IDL) format for describing APIs (application programming interfaces) that are intended to be implemented in web browsers.Its adoption was motivated by the desire to improve the interoperability of web programming interfaces by specifying how languages such as ECMAScript should bind these interfaces.
Tamarin: An ActionScript and ECMAScript engine used in Adobe Flash. GNU Guile features an ECMAScript interpreter as of version 1.9; iv, ECMAScript Lexer / Parser / Interpreter / VM / method JIT written in C++. [9] CL-JavaScript: Can compile JavaScript to machine language on Common Lisp implementations that compile to machine language. [10]
This was the first version of ActionScript with influences from JavaScript and the ECMA-262 (Third Edition) standard, supporting the said standard's object model and many of its core data types. Local variables may be declared with the var statement, and user-defined functions with parameter passing and return values can also be created ...