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The immune system mounts an acute effort to resolve the HIV infection during the seroconversion period. Following this period, the immune system temporarily contains the infection. The symptoms of seroconversion lessen and disappear in most people, with HIV entering a stage of clinical latency. At this stage, the infection remains within the ...
Figure 1. Early Symptoms of HIV. The stages of HIV infection are acute infection (also known as primary infection), latency, and AIDS.Acute infection lasts for several weeks and may include symptoms such as fever, swollen lymph nodes, inflammation of the throat, rash, muscle pain, malaise, and mouth and esophageal sores.
However, if HIV infection is already present then PEP should not be started. HIV testing should be repeated four to six weeks and three months after exposure. [20] People may experience signs and symptoms of acute HIV infection, including fever, fatigue, myalgia, and skin rash, while taking PEP. CDC recommends seeking medical attention for ...
HIV/AIDS is a terminal illness, as there is currently no cure, nor an effective HIV vaccine. Treatment consists of highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART), which slows progression of the disease. [153] As of 2022, 39 million people globally were living with HIV, and 29.8 million people were accessing ART. [154]
Two types of HIV have been characterized: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is the virus that was initially discovered and termed both lymphadenopathy associated virus (LAV) and human T-lymphotropic virus 3 (HTLV-III). HIV-1 is more virulent and more infective than HIV-2, [20] and is the cause of the majority of HIV infections globally. The lower ...
This acute viremia is associated in virtually all people with the activation of CD8 + T cells, which kill HIV-infected cells, and subsequently with antibody production, or seroconversion. The CD8 + T cell response is thought to be important in controlling virus levels, which peak and then decline, as the CD4 + T cell counts rebound.
The risk of hepatitis C seroconversion is estimated at 0.3–0.74%. [14] Immunoglobulin and antivirals are not recommended for hepatitis C PEP. [27] There is no vaccine for the hepatitis C virus (HCV); therefore, post-exposure treatment consists of monitoring for seroconversion. [29]
HIV infections are broken down into three stages: acute infection, asymptomatic infection, and AIDS. The acute infection stage refers to the first weeks after infection, where the majority of infected individuals display severe flu-like symptoms such as fever, myalgia , sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, arthralgia , fatigue, headache, and ...