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Chief Executive of Taiwan Province: 1: Chen Yi 陳儀 (1883-1950) 29 August 1945: 22 April 1947 Kuomintang: Chairperson of the Taiwan Provincial Government: 1: Wei Tao-ming 魏道明 (1899-1978) 16 May 1947: 5 January 1949 Kuomintang: 2: Chen Cheng 陳誠 (1897–1965) 5 January 1949: 8 December 1949 Kuomintang
Taiwan became a major foodbasket serving Japan's economy. A health care system was established. The average lifespan for a Taiwanese resident was 60 years by 1945. [259] Taiwan's real GDP per capita peaked in 1942 at $1,522 and declined to $693 by 1944. [260] Wartime bombing caused significant damage to cities and harbors.
This is a timeline of Taiwanese history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political events in Taiwan and its predecessor states.To read about the background to these events, see History of Taiwan and History of the Republic of China.
In 1949 after being defeated by Mao Zedong's communist forces, the defeated Republic of China government fled to Taiwan, and Republic of China remains the island's formal name.
The Second World War's hostilities came to a close on 2 September 1945, with the defeat of the Empire of Japan and Nazi Germany.Taiwan, which had been ceded to Japan by the Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895, was placed under the control of the Kuomintang-led Republic of China (ROC) by the promulgation of General Order No. 1 and the signing of the Instrument of Surrender on that day.
According to Taiwan Civil Society quoting the Taiwan Documents Project, the document was merely a statement of intent or non-binding declaration, for possible reference used for those who would draft the post-war peace treaty and that as a press release it was without force of law to transfer sovereignty from Taiwan to the Republic of China ...
Before 1949 the position had the authority of ruling over Mainland China, but after communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, the remaining jurisdictions of the ROC have been limited to Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and smaller islands.
Taiwan has controlled Kinmen, and the Matsu islands to the north, since the defeated Republic of China government fled to Taipei in 1949 after losing a civil war with Mao Zedong's communists.