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The Cry of Pugad Lawin (Filipino: Sigaw sa Pugad Lawin, Spanish: Grito de Pugad Lawin) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire. [ 1 ] In late August 1896, members of the Katipunan [ a ] led by Andrés Bonifacio revolted somewhere around Caloocan , which included parts of the present-day Quezon City .
The exact date and location are disputed, but two possibilities have been officially endorsed by the Philippine government: initially August 26 in Balintawak, and later August 23 in Pugad Lawin. Thus, the event is called the "Cry of Pugad Lawin" or "Cry of Balintawak".
The Katipunan (lit. ' Association '), officially known as the Kataastaasang Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan [6] [7] [8] [a] (lit. ' Supreme and Venerable Association of the Children of the Nation '; Spanish: Suprema y Venerable Asociación de los Hijos del Pueblo) and abbreviated as the KKK, was a revolutionary organization founded in 1892 by a group of Filipino nationalists ...
Bonifacio and the Magdiwang contended that the Katipunan served as their revolutionary government since it had its own constitution, laws, and provincial and municipal governments. Edilberto Evangelista presented a draft constitution for the proposed government to Bonifacio but he rejected it as it was too similar to the Spanish Maura Law .
This commemorates the Cry of Pugad Lawin and the start of the Philippine Revolution. [11] In 1974, the Pinaglabanan Shrine was unveiled in San Juan, along Pinaglabanan Street. "Pinaglabanan" is a Tagalog word for "fought over". The present-day San Juan Elementary School stands on the former grounds of the ruined El Polvorín. [12]
17 May 1897 – Governor-General Rivera issues a general amnesty to those Filipinos who surrendered to the Spanish government. 31 May 1897 – Aguinaldo establishes the Philippine republican government in Biak-na-Bato, San Miguel de Mayumo, Bulacan. 2 July 1897 – Governor-General Rivera issues a decree requiring Filipinos to have a cedula.
In response to Spanish oppression, the formation of the Katipunan, the Cry of Pugad Lawin, of August 1896, and the repression that followed, Mariano Llanera led about 700 men [a] from Cabiao, while Pantaleon Valmonte led troops from Gapan. [3] Manuel Tinio, Colonel Alipio Tecson, and their men also joined the combined forces of Llanera and ...
Mariano Trías y Closas (Spanish: [ˈmaˈɾjano ˈtɾiˈas] : October 12, 1868 – January 22, 1914) is considered to be the first de facto Philippine Vice President of that revolutionary government established at the Tejeros Convention - an assembly of Philippine revolutionary leaders that elected officials of the revolutionary movement against the colonial government of Spain.