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  2. Premise - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Premise

    In logic, an argument requires a set of declarative sentences (or "propositions") known as the "premises" (or "premisses"), along with another declarative sentence (or "proposition"), known as the conclusion. Complex arguments can use a sequence of rules to connect several premises to one conclusion, or to derive a number of conclusions from ...

  3. Argument - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument

    An argument is a series of sentences, statements, or propositions some of which are called premises and one is the conclusion. [1] The purpose of an argument is to give reasons for one's conclusion via justification, explanation, and/or persuasion.

  4. Term logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Term_logic

    The word "propositio" is from the Latin, meaning the first premise of a syllogism. Aristotle uses the word premise (protasis) as a sentence affirming or denying one thing or another (Posterior Analytics 1. 1 24a 16), so a premise is also a form of words. However, as in modern philosophical logic, it means that which is asserted by the sentence.

  5. Logical reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_reasoning

    Premises and conclusions are normally seen as propositions. A proposition is a statement that makes a claim about what is the case. In this regard, propositions act as truth-bearers: they are either true or false. [18] [19] [3] For example, the sentence "The water is boiling." expresses a proposition since it can be true or false.

  6. Deductive reasoning - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deductive_reasoning

    Deductive reasoning is the psychological process of drawing deductive inferences.An inference is a set of premises together with a conclusion. This psychological process starts from the premises and reasons to a conclusion based on and supported by these premises.

  7. Logic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic

    Logic studies arguments, which consist of a set of premises that leads to a conclusion. An example is the argument from the premises "it's Sunday" and "if it's Sunday then I don't have to work" leading to the conclusion "I don't have to work". [1] Premises and conclusions express propositions or claims that can be true or false. An important ...

  8. Syllogism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syllogism

    Next to each premise and conclusion is a shorthand description of the sentence. So in AAI-3, the premise "All squares are rectangles" becomes "MaP"; the symbols mean that the first term ("square") is the middle term, the second term ("rectangle") is the predicate of the conclusion, and the relationship between the two terms is labeled "a" (All ...

  9. Logical consequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_consequence

    The Polish logician Alfred Tarski identified three features of an adequate characterization of entailment: (1) The logical consequence relation relies on the logical form of the sentences: (2) The relation is a priori, i.e., it can be determined with or without regard to empirical evidence (sense experience); and (3) The logical consequence ...

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