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Amine gas plant at a natural gas field. Amine gas treating, also known as amine scrubbing, gas sweetening and acid gas removal, refers to a group of processes that use aqueous solutions of various alkylamines (commonly referred to simply as amines) to remove hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) from gases.
A typical amine gas treating process flow diagram. Ionic liquids for use in CO 2 capture by absorption could follow a similar process.. A typical CO 2 absorption process consists of a feed gas, an absorption column, a stripper column, and output streams of CO 2-rich gas to be sequestered, and CO 2-poor gas to be released to the atmosphere.
Gas/gas exchangers: whereby the cooled gas from the process gas cooler is indirectly heated from the hot gas coming out of an upstream catalytic reactor in a gas-to-gas exchanger. Direct-fired heaters: fired reheaters utilizing acid gas or fuel gas, which is burned substoichiometrically to avoid oxygen breakthrough which can damage Claus catalyst.
The reaction is generally performed in an aqueous solution at close to boiling. The first methylation of the amine begins with imine formation with formaldehyde. The formic acid acts as a source of hydride and reduces the imine to a secondary amine. Loss of carbon dioxide gas renders the reaction irreversible. Despite being more hindered, the ...
Amine gas treater, Claus unit, and tail gas treatment for converting hydrogen sulfide gas from the hydrotreaters into end-product elemental sulfur. The large majority of the 64,000,000 metric tons of sulfur produced worldwide in 2005 was byproduct sulfur from petroleum refining and natural gas processing plants. [8] [9]
A distinction can be drawn between the basic treatment of raw biogas, which is necessary for example for use in a biogas CHP plant, and the more elaborate treatment needed to obtain natural gas quality . The above table shows the composition of raw biogas after primary treatment and biomethane.
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Solutions of MEA in water are used as a gas stream scrubbing liquid in amine treaters. [21] For example, aqueous MEA is used to remove carbon dioxide (CO 2) and hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) from various gas streams; e.g., flue gas and sour natural gas. [22] The MEA ionizes dissolved acidic compounds, making them polar and considerably more soluble.