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Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a condition in which there is compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the superior thoracic aperture, the passageway from the lower neck to the armpit, also known as the thoracic outlet. [1] There are three main types: neurogenic, venous, and arterial. [1]
The superior thoracic aperture is essentially a hole surrounded by a bony ring, through which several vital structures pass. It is bounded by: the first thoracic vertebra (T1) posteriorly; the first pair of ribs laterally, forming lateral C-shaped curves posterior to anterior; and the costal cartilage of the first rib and the superior border of the manubrium anteriorly.
Pectoralis minor syndrome (PMS) is a condition related to thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) that results from the pectoralis minor muscle being too tight. [1] PMS results from the brachial plexus being compressed under the pectoralis minor [2] while TOS involves compression of the bundle above the clavicle. In most patients, the nerves are ...
thoracic outlet syndrome: obliteration of radial pulse with manoeuvres Alexander's law: Gustav Alexander: neurology, neurosurgery, ENT: vestibular lesions: describes nystagmus in vestibular lesions Allen's test: Edgar Van Nuys Allen: vascular surgery, critical care [1] arterial supply of the hand: tests for presence of palmar ulnar-radial ...
Examples of neuro-musculoskeletal indications for medical thermology include Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD), Chronic Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), Dysautonomia, Migraine, Fibromyalgia (and other weather-sensitive pain syndromes), thoracic outlet syndrome, and vaso-motor migraine/headaches such as Barré-Liéou syndrome. This is especially ...
Thoracic outlet syndrome: Occurs when nerves or blood vessels are compressed in the space between the first rib and the collarbone, causing symptoms such as pain in the neck, shoulder, or chest, along with arm weakness or numbness [41] Adverse effect from certain medications
Examples of conditions that may sometimes be attributed to such causes include tendinosis (or less often tendinitis), carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, De Quervain syndrome, thoracic outlet syndrome, intersection syndrome, golfer's elbow (medial epicondylitis), tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis), trigger finger (so-called ...
Paget–Schroetter disease (which evolved from a venous thoracic outlet syndrome) is a form of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a medical condition in which blood clots form in the deep veins of the arms. These DVTs typically occur in the axillary and/or subclavian veins. [1]