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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Florence, Tuscany, Italy. The earliest timeline of Florence, the Annales florentini , was created in the 12th century. This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.
Brucker, Gene A. Renaissance Florence (2nd ed. 1983) Cochrane, Eric. Florence in the Forgotten Centuries, 1527-1800: A History of Florence and the Florentines in the Age of the Grand Dukes (1976) Crum, Roger J. and John T. Paoletti. Renaissance Florence: A Social History (2008) excerpt and text search; Goldthwaite, Richard A.
A display of proboscideans in the Museo di Storia Naturale di Firenze, or the Natural History Museum of Florence. Florence has been an important scientific centre for centuries, notably during the Renaissance with scientists such as Leonardo da Vinci. Florentines were one of the driving forces behind the Age of Discovery. Florentine bankers ...
The recovery of lost Greek classics brought to Italy by refugee Byzantine scholars who migrated during and following the Ottoman conquest of the Byzantine Empire in the 15th century were important in sparking the new linguistic studies of the Renaissance, in newly created academies in Florence and Venice.
During Lorenzo's reign, the Renaissance truly descended on Florence. Lorenzo commissioned a multitude of amazing pieces of art and also enjoyed collecting fine gems. Lorenzo had many children with his wife Clarice Orsini, including the future Pope Leo X and his eventual successor in Florence, Piero the Unfortunate.
Florence was one of the most important Italian city-states. Among the earliest Medieval city-states of Italy, that already started to emerge in the 7th century, were the Duchy of Naples, Duchy of Amalfi, Gaeta and the Republic of Venice which, although nominally under Byzantine control, were effectively independent.
Lorenzo's grandfather, Cosimo de' Medici, was the first member of the Medici family to lead the Republic of Florence and run the Medici Bank simultaneously. As one of the wealthiest men in Europe, the elder Cosimo spent a very large portion of his fortune on government and philanthropy, for example as a patron of the arts and financier of public works. [7]
The term rinascita ("rebirth") first appeared in Lives of the Artists (c. 1550) by Giorgio Vasari, while the corresponding French word renaissance was adopted into English as the term for this period during the 1830s. [4] [b] The Renaissance's intellectual basis was founded in its version of humanism, derived from the concept of Roman humanitas ...