Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
It has been suggested that, as the Earth's lithospheric plates moved over the mantle plume (the Iceland plume), the plume had earlier produced the Viluy Traps to the east, then the Siberian Traps in the Permian and Triassic periods, and later going on to produce volcanic activity on the floor of the Arctic Ocean in the Jurassic and Cretaceous ...
Numerous species of benthic foraminifera became extinct during the event, presumably because they depend on organic debris for nutrients, while biomass in the ocean is thought to have decreased. As the marine microbiota recovered, it is thought that increased speciation of benthic foraminifera resulted from the increase in food sources. [ 35 ]
Similar floods have occurred elsewhere on Earth throughout history; examples include the Bonneville flood in North America, [4] during which Lake Bonneville overflowed through Red Rock Pass into the Snake River Basin, and the Black Sea deluge hypothesis that postulates a flood from the Mediterranean into the Black Sea through the Bosporus. [65]
Most flows are liquefied, and many references to fluidized sediment gravity flows are in fact incorrect and actually refer to liquefied flows. [5] Debris flow or mudflow – Grains are supported by the strength and buoyancy of the matrix. Mudflows and debris flows have cohesive strength, which makes their behavior difficult to predict using the ...
The remains of the eastern half of the caldera is now Kāneʻohe Bay and the new western side is the Koʻolau Range above the bay, including observation point Nuʻuanu Pali. Though the remaining ridge appears to be a steep and weathered fault scarp , evidence suggests the geographic features are from wind and water rather than the landslide event.
Furthermore, the ability to flow may also be dependent upon the amount of energy transferred to the falling sediment throughout the failure event. Often large landslides on the continental margin are complicated and components of slide, debris flow and turbidity current may all be apparent when examining the remains of a submarine landslide.
Debris flows with volumes ranging up to about 100,000 cubic meters occur frequently in mountainous regions worldwide. The largest prehistoric flows have had volumes exceeding 1 billion cubic meters (i.e., 1 cubic kilometer). As a result of their high sediment concentrations and mobility, debris flows can be very destructive.
This condition occurs in many environments aside from simply the deep ocean, where turbidites are particularly well represented. Lahars on the side of volcanoes, mudslides and pyroclastic flows all create density-based flow situations and, especially in the latter, can create sequences which are strikingly similar to turbidites.