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Medieval map of Ethiopia, including the ancient lost city of Barara, which is located in modern-day Addis Ababa. Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in Africa; [1] the emergence of Ethiopian civilization dates back thousands of years.
In 1896, Emperor Menelik II’s conquest strongly consolidated Ethiopia’s modern borders while eluding the 19th-century Scramble for Africa and Italian colonialism. Eritrea was annexed by the Ethiopian imperial government under Emperor Haile Selassie in 1952, culminating in the Eritrean War of Independence .
Menelik II's conquests, also known as the Agar Maqnat (Amharic: አገር ማቅናት, romanized: ʾägär maqnat, lit. 'Colonization, Cultivation and Christianization of Land'), [4] were a series of expansionist wars and conquests carried out by Emperor Menelik II of Shewa to expand the Ethiopian Empire.
This abuna (abun) ecclesiastical office was established to strengthen Ethiopia's historical ties with the Coptic Orthodox Church in Egypt. In his 1992 review of Naguib Mahfouz's The Search (1964), the Ethiopian scholar Mulugeta Gudeta observed that Ethiopian and Egyptian societies bore striking historical resemblances. [111]
During the Second World War, Italian East Africa was occupied by a British-led force including colonial units and Ethiopian guerrillas in November 1941. [5] After the war, Italian Somalia and Eritrea came under British administration, while Ethiopia regained its independence.
The Ethiopian Empire, [a] historically known as Abyssinia or simply Ethiopia, [b] was a sovereign state [16] that encompassed the present-day territories of Ethiopia and Eritrea. It existed from the establishment of the Solomonic dynasty by Yekuno Amlak around 1270 until the 1974 coup d'état by the Derg , which ended the reign of the final ...
3 June 1884 – Hewett Treaty signed between Ethiopia, Egypt and Britain. [39] 1887–1889 – Italo-Ethiopian War began. 2 March 1889 – Menelik II reigned as Emperor of Ethiopia. [40] 2 May 1889 – Treaty of Wuchale signed between Ethiopia and Italy over Italian occupation of Eritrea. [citation needed]
Ethiopia lost its independence and became Italian Ethiopia, part of Italian East Africa. [5] During the period of the Italian occupation, Ethiopia was divided into six regions: Eritrea which expanded in part of Tigray Region , Amhara Region ( Begemder , Wallo, Gojjam and northern Scioa), Galla-Sidamo , Addis Ababa , Harar and Somalia , which ...