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Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a purported form of kidney damage in which there has been recent exposure to medical imaging contrast material without another clear cause for the acute kidney injury. Despite extensive speculation, the actual occurrence of contrast-induced nephropathy has not been demonstrated in the literature. [1]
Presbycusis (also spelled presbyacusis, from Greek πρέσβυς presbys "old" + ἄκουσις akousis "hearing" [1]), or age-related hearing loss, is the cumulative effect of aging on hearing. It is a progressive and irreversible bilateral symmetrical age-related sensorineural hearing loss resulting from degeneration of the cochlea or ...
MRI without contrast agents is the imaging mode of choice for pre-surgical, in-utero diagnosis and evaluation of fetal tumors, primarily teratomas, facilitating open fetal surgery, other fetal interventions, and planning for procedures (such as the EXIT procedure) to safely deliver and treat babies whose defects would otherwise be fatal.
A contrast agent usually shortens, but in some instances increases, the value of T1 of nearby water protons thereby altering the contrast in the image. Most clinically used MRI contrast agents work by shortening the T1 relaxation time of protons inside tissues via interactions with the nearby contrast agent.
impaired kidney function is the major risk factor Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is a rare syndrome that involves fibrosis of the skin, joints, eyes, and internal organs. NSF is caused by exposure to gadolinium in gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents (GBCAs) in patients with impaired kidney function.
Iohexol, sold under the trade name Omnipaque among others, is a contrast agent used for X-ray imaging. [4] This includes when visualizing arteries, veins, ventricles of the brain, the urinary system, and joints, as well as during computed tomography (CT scan). [4] It is given by mouth, injection into a vein, or into a body cavity. [5]
Potential risks: Some negative side effects like muscle cramps, facial swelling, and bloating have been reported in relation to medication interactions, as well as for some people with existing ...
Relatively common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and skin redness. [4] Other side effects include itchiness, kidney problems, low blood pressure, and allergic reactions. [1] It is not recommended in people who have an iodine allergy. [1] Diatrizoate is an iodinated ionic radiocontrast agent with high osmolality. [2]