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bread/bled. froze/flows. The Japanese adaptation of English words is largely non-rhotic, in that English /r/ at the end of a syllable is realized either as a vowel or as nothing and therefore is distinguished from /l/ in the same environment. So store and stole or stall, for example, are distinguished as sutoa and sutōru, respectively.
In rare instances, only one of the Chinese given names is included in an individual's Indonesian-sounding name. Christiandy Sanjaya, for example, only integrated San from his Chinese name Bong Hon San (Chinese : 黄汉山) into his Indonesian name. He also added the Sanskrit-derived suffix - jaya, which meant "victory".
Many generalizations about Japanese pronunciation have exceptions if recent loanwords are taken into account. For example, the consonant [p] generally does not occur at the start of native (Yamato) or Chinese-derived (Sino-Japanese) words, but it occurs freely in this position in mimetic and foreign words. [2]
The Chinese viewed this as important to defending themselves from local Indonesians. The majority of Chinese of Java did not die in the war. It was only after the war ended when Japanese control fell and then the native Indonesians again started attacks against the Chinese of Java when the Japanese were unable to protect them. [66]
The word Jawa written in Javanese script Two Javanese speakers, recorded in Indonesia. Javanese (/ ˌ dʒ ɑː v ə ˈ n iː z / JAH-və-NEEZ, [3] / dʒ æ v ə-/ JAV-ə-, /-ˈ n iː s /- NEESS; [4] basa Jawa, Javanese script: ꦧꦱꦗꦮ, Pegon: باسا جاوا , IPA: [bɔsɔ d͡ʒɔwɔ]) is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken primarily by the Javanese people from the central and ...
Omitting or adding such detail does not make a difference to the identity of the word, but helps to give a more precise pronunciation. ⫽Double slashes⫽ indicate diaphonemes. For example, some speakers pronounce dune as /djuːn/ with a distinct /j/, others /duːn/ as if spelled doon, and even others /dʒuːn/ like June.
Sino-Japanese vocabulary. Sino-Japanese vocabulary, also known as kango (Japanese: 漢語, pronounced [kaŋɡo], " Han words"), is a subset of Japanese vocabulary that originated in Chinese or was created from elements borrowed from Chinese. Some grammatical structures and sentence patterns can also be identified as Sino-Japanese.
Sino-Xenic vocabularies. Sino-Xenic vocabularies are large-scale and systematic borrowings of the Chinese lexicon into the Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese languages, none of which are genetically related to Chinese. The resulting Sino-Japanese, Sino-Korean and Sino-Vietnamese vocabularies now make up a large part of the lexicons of these languages.