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Akin to its use for pickling, hydrochloric acid is used to dissolve many metals, metal oxides and metal carbonates. The conversions are often depicted in simplified equations: Zn + 2 HCl → ZnCl 2 + H 2 NiO + 2 HCl → NiCl 2 + H 2 O CaCO 3 + 2 HCl → CaCl 2 + CO 2 + H 2 O. These processes are used to produce metal chlorides for analysis or ...
Notable descaling agents include acetic acid, citric acid, glycolic acid, formic acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfamic acid and hydrochloric acid. The calcium salts are soluble and thus washed away during dissolution or solvation. The speed of the descaling action depends on the concentration and acidity or pH of the solution provided ...
Small amounts of hydrogen chloride for laboratory use can be generated in an HCl generator by dehydrating hydrochloric acid with either sulfuric acid or anhydrous calcium chloride. Alternatively, HCl can be generated by the reaction of sulfuric acid with sodium chloride: [17] NaCl + H 2 SO 4 → NaHSO 4 + HCl↑. This reaction occurs at room ...
Nitric acid is a powerful oxidizer, which will dissolve a very small quantity of gold, forming gold(III) ions (Au 3+). The hydrochloric acid provides a ready supply of chloride ions (Cl −), which react with the gold ions to produce tetrachloroaurate(III) anions ([AuCl 4] −), also in solution. The reaction with hydrochloric acid is an ...
A solution of tin(II) chloride containing a little hydrochloric acid is used for the tin-plating of steel, in order to make tin cans. An electric potential is applied, and tin metal is formed at the cathode via electrolysis. Tin(II) chloride is used as a mordant in textile dyeing because it gives brighter colours with some dyes e.g. cochineal ...
This reaction can be reversed by adding an acid, such as hydrochloric acid. [6] Reaction of solid BiCl 3 with water vapour below 50 °C has been shown to produce the intermediate monohydrate, BiCl 3 ·H 2 O. [7] Bismuth chloride is an oxidizing agent, being readily reduced to metallic bismuth by reducing agents.
AuCl 3 is a Lewis acid and readily forms complexes. For example, it reacts with hydrochloric acid to form chloroauric acid (H[AuCl 4]): [15] HCl + AuCl 3 → H + + [AuCl 4] −. Chloroauric acid is the product formed when gold dissolves in aqua regia. [15] On contact with water, AuCl 3 forms acidic hydrates and the conjugate base [AuCl 3 (OH)] −.
Acidic drain cleaners usually contain sulfuric acid at high concentrations. [1] It can dissolve cellulose, proteins like hair, and fats via acid hydrolysis. While there are many methods for unclogging drains, one of the most effective solutions is using hydrochloric acid (HCl), a powerful chemical cleaner. [2]