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Guanidine exists protonated, as guanidinium, in solution at physiological pH. Guanidinium chloride (also known as guanidine hydrochloride) has chaotropic properties and is used to denature proteins. Guanidinium chloride is known to denature proteins with a linear relationship between concentration and free energy of unfolding.
The equilibrium is not complete because the acidity difference between guanidinium and water is not large. The approximate pK a values: 13.6 vs 15.7. Complete deprotonation should be done with extremely strong bases, such as lithium diisopropylamide. C(NH 2) + 3 Cl − + Li + N(C 3 H 7) − 2 → HNC(NH 2) 2 + HN(C 3 H 7) 2 + LiCl
Guanidinium thiocyanate can be used to deactivate a virus, such as the influenza virus that caused the 1918 "Spanish flu", so that it can be studied safely.. Guanidinium thiocyanate is also used to lyse cells and virus particles in RNA and DNA extractions, where its function, in addition to its lysing action, is to prevent activity of RNase enzymes and DNase enzymes by denaturing them.
Nitroguanidine is produced worldwide on a large scale starting with the reaction of dicyandiamide (DCD) with ammonium nitrate to afford the salt guanidinium nitrate, which is then nitrated by treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid at low temperature. [3] [C(NH 2) 3]NO 3 → (NH 2) 2 CNNO 2 + H 2 O
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Guanidine nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula [C(NH 2) 3]NO 3. It is a colorless, water-soluble salt. It is produced on a large scale and finds use as precursor for nitroguanidine, [1] fuel in pyrotechnics and gas generators. Its correct name is guanidinium nitrate, but the colloquial term guanidine nitrate is widely used.
Polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) is a guanidine derivative that is used as a biocidal disinfectant, often in the form of its salt polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P). Studies have shown that PHMG in solution has fungicidal as well as bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria . [ 2 ]
The general structure of a guanidine Subcategories. This category has the following 9 subcategories, out of 9 total. ... Guanidinium compounds (6 P) H ...