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Other fractures of the body, are classified as open or closed. Because fractures that involve the teeth, by definition, communicate with the mouth this distinction is largely lost in mandible fractures. Condylar, ramus, and coronoid process fractures are generally closed whereas angle, body and parasymphsis fractures are generally open.
A tooth that has experienced trauma may become loose due to the periodontal ligament becoming damaged or fracture to the root of the tooth. Splinting ensures that the tooth is held in the correct position within the socket, ensuring that no further trauma occurs to enable healing. [37] A splint can either be flexible or rigid.
Static occlusion refers to contact between teeth when the jaw is closed and stationary, while dynamic occlusion refers to occlusal contacts made when the jaw is moving. [ 1 ] The masticatory system also involves the periodontium , the TMJ (and other skeletal components) and the neuromusculature, therefore the tooth contacts should not be looked ...
Closed reduction is the manipulation of the bone fragments without surgical exposure of the fragments. See also: Closed reduction with internal fixation Open reduction is where the fracture fragments are exposed through surgical dissection of tissues.
Dental intrusion is an apical displacement of the tooth into the alveolar bone. This injury is accompanied by extensive damage to periodontal ligament , cementum , disruption of the neurovascular supply to the pulp, and communication or fracture of the alveolar socket.
Dental avulsion is a type of dental trauma, and the prevalence of dental trauma is estimated at 17.5% and varies with geographical area. [36] Although dental trauma is relatively low, dental avulsion is the fourth most prevalent type of dental trauma. [37] Dental avulsion is more prevalent in males than females.
Fracture occurs due to the forces exerted on the dental unit. The enamel is splintering: [4] [5] [6] after an unfortunate fall, bump or contusion of the jaw; due to excessive chewing, eating too hard food, and chewing nuts and seeds; grinding of teeth and a bad habit of chewing on things, such as pencils, pens, etc.; due to stresses caused by ...
Open fracture with adequate soft tissue coverage of a fractured bone despite extensive soft tissue laceration or flaps, or high-energy trauma (gunshot and farm injuries) regardless of the size of the wound [14] [15] IIIB: Open fracture with extensive soft-tissue loss and periosteal stripping and bone damage. Usually associated with massive ...