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  2. VGA text mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VGA_text_mode

    Each screen character is represented by two bytes aligned as a 16-bit word accessible by the CPU in a single operation. The lower (or character) byte is the actual code point for the current character set, and the higher (or attribute) byte is a bit field used to select various video attributes such as color, blinking, character set, and so forth. [6]

  3. Cursor (user interface) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cursor_(user_interface)

    The cursor for the Windows Command Prompt (appearing as an underscore at the end of the line). In most command-line interfaces or text editors, the text cursor, also known as a caret, [4] is an underscore, a solid rectangle, or a vertical line, which may be flashing or steady, indicating where text will be placed when entered (the insertion point).

  4. Computer monitor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_monitor

    [15] [16] In 2008 16:10 became the most common sold aspect ratio for LCD monitors and the same year 16:10 was the mainstream standard for laptops and notebook computers. [ 17 ] In 2010, the computer industry started to move over from 16:10 to 16:9 because 16:9 was chosen to be the standard high-definition television display size, and because ...

  5. INT 10H - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INT_10H

    INT 10h, INT 10H or INT 16 is shorthand for BIOS interrupt call 10 hex, the 17th interrupt vector in an x86-based computer system.The BIOS typically sets up a real mode interrupt handler at this vector that provides video services.

  6. Liquid-crystal display - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid-crystal_display

    An LCD screen used as a notification panel for travellers. Each pixel of an LCD typically consists of a layer of molecules aligned between two transparent electrodes, often made of indium tin oxide (ITO), and two polarizing filters (parallel and perpendicular polarizers), the axes of transmission of which are (in most of the cases) perpendicular to each other.

  7. Backlight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backlight

    Using PWM (pulse-width modulation, a technology where the intensity of the LEDs are kept constant, but the brightness adjustment is achieved by varying a time interval of flashing these constant light intensity light sources [26]), the backlight is dimmed to the brightest color that appears on the screen while simultaneously boosting the LCD ...

  8. User error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_error

    Similarly, typewriter repair people used to refer to "a loose nut behind the keyboard" or a "defective keyboard controller." The broadcast engineering or amateur radio version is referred to as a "short between the headphones". Another term used in public safety two-way radio (i.e. police, fire, ambulance, etc.) is a "defective PTT button ...

  9. Flicker (screen) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flicker_(screen)

    The flicker of a CRT monitor can cause various symptoms in those sensitive to it such as eye strain, headaches [9] in migraine sufferers, and seizures in epileptics. [10]As the flicker is most clearly seen at the edge of our vision there is no obvious risk in using a CRT, but prolonged use can cause a sort of retinal shock where the flickering is seen even when looking away from the monitor.