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Pneumatic valves are operated by a pilot medium under pressure, usually compressed air but also oil or water. The valve is equipped with a pneumatic actuator supplied by a three-way solenoid valve. The pressure of the pilot medium enters the actuator cylinder and acts on the piston, which allows the seal to open or to close through the stem.
The two ports may be oriented straight across from each other or anywhere on the body, [4] or oriented at an angle (such as a 90°). [5] Globe valves with ports at such an angle are called angle globe valves. Globe valves are mainly used for corrosive or highly viscous fluids that solidify at room temperature.
The Toyota GR engine family is a gasoline, open-deck, piston V6 engine series. The GR series has a 60° die-cast aluminium block and aluminium DOHC cylinder heads.This engine series also features 4 valves per cylinder, forged steel connecting rods and crankshaft, one-piece cast camshafts, a timing chain, [1] and a cast aluminium lower intake manifold.
2.4 L (2,442 cc) Bore x Stroke: 86 mm × 105.1 mm (3.39 in × 4.14 in) Compression ratio: 15.5:1 Turbocharger: Variable geometry turbocharger / variable diffuser, intercooler Fuel system: Common rail with electromagnetic solenoid injectors Peak power: 133 kW (181 PS) at 3,500 rpm [15] 113 kW (154 PS) (low power version) Peak torque
This newer '20V' engine, along with the SR20VET, were the only SR20 engines to get restyled valve covers. It also came with an upgraded intake manifold, which has longer runners and a larger 70 mm (2.8 in) throttle body (earlier SR20VE has 60 mm). Another version of the VVL SR engines, is the 1.6 L SR16VE.
The Nissan L series of automobile engines was produced from 1966 through 1986 in both inline-four and inline-six configurations ranging from 1.3 L to 2.8 L. It is a two-valves per cylinder SOHC non-crossflow engine, with an iron block and an aluminium head.
The 24-valve DOHC 1G-GTE added two CT-12 turbochargers to the versatile motor. There were 3 generations of this engine both air-to-air and air-to-water intercoolers were used, pushing output from 185 to 210 PS (136 to 154 kW; 182 to 207 hp) at 6200 rpm and 234 to 275 N⋅m (173 to 203 lb⋅ft) at 3800 rpm using the air-to-air over the air-to-water.
The four valve version made its first appearance in the Group 4 competition version of the Fiat 124 Spider Abarth, where it had 1.8 litres. Group 4 regulations at that time allowed the use of a cylinder head of a "free" design. This engine still used a three-piece cylinder head design with an included valve angle of 46 degrees.