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The alkaline battery gets its name because it has an alkaline electrolyte of potassium hydroxide (KOH) instead of the acidic ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) or zinc chloride (ZnCl 2) electrolyte of the zinc–carbon batteries. Other battery systems also use alkaline electrolytes, but they use different active materials for the electrodes.
The full battery designation identifies not only the size, shape and terminal layout of the battery but also the chemistry (and therefore the voltage per cell) and the number of cells in the battery. For example, a CR123 battery is always LiMnO 2 ('Lithium') chemistry, in addition to its unique size.
This list is a summary of notable electric battery types composed of one or more electrochemical cells. Three lists are provided in the table. Three lists are provided in the table. The primary (non-rechargeable) and secondary (rechargeable) cell lists are lists of battery chemistry.
Alkaline: Zn/ MnO 2 LR KOH Manganese (IV) oxide: No 1949 [9] 0.9 [10] 1.5 [11] 1.6 [10] 0.31–0.68 (85–190) [12] 0.90–1.56 (250–434) [12] 50 [12] 8.17 (122) [13] 45–85 [12] 0.17 [12] 5–10 [4] Rechargeable alkaline: RAM KOH Yes 1992 [14] 0.9 [15] 1.57 [15] 1.6 [15] <1 [14] Silver-oxide: SR NaOH/ KOH Silver oxide: No 1960 [16] 1.2 [17 ...
Standard battery nomenclature describes portable dry cell batteries that have physical dimensions and electrical characteristics interchangeable between manufacturers. The long history of disposable dry cells means that many manufacturer-specific and national standards were used to designate sizes, long before international standards were reached.
The first generation rechargeable alkaline batteries were introduced by Union Carbide and Mallory in the early 1970s. [3] [5] Several patents were introduced after Union Carbide's product discontinuation and eventually, in 1986, Battery Technologies Inc of Canada was founded to commercially develop a 2nd generation product based on those patents, under the trademark "RAM".
In China, they are called #7 batteries, the name originating from the Burgess Battery Company designating his AAA batteries "Number 7". [ citation needed ] An AAA battery is a single cell that measures 10.5 mm (0.41 in) in diameter and 44.5 mm (1.75 in) in length, including the positive terminal button, which is a minimum 0.8 mm (0.031 in).
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