Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The most efficient method of industrial oil degassing is vacuum processing, which removes air and water solved in the oil. [6] This can be achieved by: spraying of oil in large vacuum chambers; distributing the oil into a thin layer over special surfaces (spiral rings, Raschig rings etc) in vacuum chambers.
Countercurrent distribution, therefore, is a method of using a series of vessels (separatory funnels) to separate compounds by a sequence of liquid-liquid extraction operations. Contrary to liquid-liquid extraction, in the CCD instruments the upper phase is decanted from the lower phase once the phases have settled.
It is a common observation that when oil and water are poured into the same container, they separate into two phases or layers, because they are immiscible.In general, aqueous (or water-based) solutions, being polar, are immiscible with non-polar organic solvents (cooking oil, chloroform, toluene, hexane etc.) and form a two-phase system.
SPE is in fact a method of chromatography, in the sense of having a mobile phase, carrying mixtures through a stationary phase, packed inside a column.The chromatographic process is harnessed to create a solid-liquid extractive technique—allowing separation of a mixture of components by taking advantage of large differences between the solid and liquid phase K eq, or equilibrium constant ...
In industrial processes, mass transfer operations include separation of chemical components in distillation columns, absorbers such as scrubbers or stripping, adsorbers such as activated carbon beds, and liquid-liquid extraction. Mass transfer is often coupled to additional transport processes, for instance in industrial cooling towers. These ...
There are generally two methods for removing carbon dioxide from the water sample: use of a reboiler to heat the sample and expel the CO 2, and use of inert gasses. In the latter method, an inert gas which does not contain CO 2 is passed through the sample water, whereby the gas components in the sample water are displaced by the gas components ...
However, for column surface chemistries that are strongly ionic, and thus resistant to pH values in the mid-range of the pH scale (pH 3.5–8.5), these separations will be reflective of the polarity of the analytes alone, and thus might be easier to understand when doing methods development.
Sonication can be used for the production of nanoparticles, such as nanoemulsions, [5] nanocrystals, liposomes and wax emulsions, as well as for wastewater purification, degassing, extraction of seaweed polysaccharides [1] and plant oil, extraction of anthocyanins and antioxidants, [6] production of biofuels, crude oil desulphurization, cell disruption, polymer and epoxy processing, adhesive ...