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Diacritical marks of two dots ¨, placed side-by-side over or under a letter, are used in several languages for several different purposes. The most familiar to English-language speakers are the diaeresis and the umlaut , though there are numerous others.
Umlaut (/ ˈ ʊ m l aʊ t /) is a name for the two dots diacritical mark ( ̈) as used to indicate in writing (as part of the letters ä , ö , and ü ) the result of the historical sound shift due to which former back vowels are now pronounced as front vowels (for example , , and as , , and ).
Diaeresis [a] (/ d aɪ ˈ ɛr ə s ɪ s,-ˈ ɪər-/ dy-ERR-ə-siss, - EER-) [1] is a diacritical mark consisting of two dots ( ̈) that indicates that two adjacent vowel letters are separate syllables – a vowel hiatus (also called a diaeresis) – rather than a digraph or diphthong.
Ë, ë (e-diaeresis) is a letter in the Albanian, Kashubian, Emilian, Romagnol, Ladin, and Lenape [1] alphabets. As a variant of the letter e, it also appears in ...
The only diacritic native to Modern English is the two dots (representing a vowel hiatus): its usage has tended to fall off except in certain publications and particular cases. [ 3 ] [ a ] Proper nouns are not generally counted as English terms except when accepted into the language as an eponym – such as Geiger–Müller tube .
Two diagonally-placed dots above a letter represent [ɑ], transliterated as ā or â or å, Two horizontally-placed dots below a letter represent [ɛ], transliterated as e or ĕ; often pronounced [ɪ] and transliterated as i in the East Syriac dialect, Two diagonally-placed dots below a letter represent [e], transliterated as ē,
Diacritic – Modifier mark added to a letter (accent marks etc.) Hebrew punctuation – Punctuation conventions of the Hebrew language over time; Glossary of mathematical symbols; Japanese punctuation; Korean punctuation
In most later handwritings these bars in turn nearly became dots. The origin of the letter ö was a similar ligature for the digraph OE: e was written above o and degenerated into two small dots. [citation needed] In some inscriptions and display typefaces, ö may be represented as an o with a small letter e inside.