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While most compilers will generate a correct result even in cases that don't respect the standard, there are edge cases when offsetof will either yield an incorrect value, generate a compile-time warning or error, or outright crash the program. This is especially the case for virtual inheritance. [9]
In object-oriented computer programming, a null object is an object with no referenced value or with defined neutral (null) behavior.The null object design pattern, which describes the uses of such objects and their behavior (or lack thereof), was first published as "Void Value" [1] and later in the Pattern Languages of Program Design book series as "Null Object".
Multiple inheritance is a feature of some object-oriented computer programming languages in which an object or class can inherit features from more than one parent object or parent class. It is distinct from single inheritance, where an object or class may only inherit from one particular object or class.
A snippet of C++ code. The syntax of C++ is the set of rules defining how a C++ program is written and compiled.. C++ syntax is largely inherited from the syntax of its ancestor language C, and has influenced the syntax of several later languages including but not limited to Java, C#, and Rust.
There are three kinds of message sends, unary messages which have a single keyword, such as class and size, binary messages which for example are used for arithmetic, such as a < b, a ~= b, and keyword messages where a keyword followed by a colon precedes each argument in the message, so that a between: b and: c sends the #between:and: message ...
In computer programming, scope is an enclosing context where values and expressions are associated. The scope resolution operator helps to identify and specify the context to which an identifier refers, particularly by specifying a namespace or class.
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This means that it is no longer a problem to define Circle.stretchX, and the inheritance reflects the mathematical relationship between circles and ellipses. A disadvantage is that changing the value of an instance then requires an assignment, which is inconvenient and prone to programming errors, e.g., Orbit(planet[i]) := Orbit(planet[i]).stretchX