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Human physiology of underwater diving is the physiological influences of the underwater environment on the human diver, and adaptations to operating underwater, both during breath-hold dives and while breathing at ambient pressure from a suitable breathing gas supply.
Download QR code; Print/export ... Underwater breathing apparatus is equipment or systems which allow the user to breathe underwater. There is a sub-category for ...
Underwater breathing apparatus can be classified as open circuit, semi-closed circuit, (including gas extenders) or closed circuit (including reclaim systems), based on whether any of the exhaled gas is recycled, and as self-contained or remotely supplied (usually surface-supplied, but also possibly from a lock-out submersible or an underwater habitat), depending on where the source of the ...
The Aqua-Lung is a self-contained open-circuit demand system, which means that breathing gas is provided from high-pressure storage carried by to the diver on demand, when the diver inhales and reduces the pressure in the supply hose, subsequently the flow is shut off when not required.
Static apnea (STA) is a discipline in which a person holds their breath underwater for as long as possible, and need not swim any distance. [1] Static apnea is defined by the International Association for Development of Apnea (AIDA International) and is distinguished from the Guinness World Record for breath holding underwater, which allows the ...
Although total liquid ventilation (TLV) with completely liquid-filled lungs can be beneficial, [9] the complex liquid-filled tube system required is a disadvantage compared to gas ventilation—the system must incorporate a membrane oxygenator, heater, and pumps to deliver to, and remove from the lungs tidal volume aliquots of conditioned perfluorocarbon (PFC).
A dive computer, personal decompression computer or decompression meter is a device used by an underwater diver to measure the elapsed time and depth during a dive and use this data to calculate and display an ascent profile which, according to the programmed decompression algorithm, will give a low risk of decompression sickness.
The disorders are caused by breathing gas at the high pressures encountered at the depth of the water and divers will often breathe a gas mixture different from air to mitigate these effects. Nitrox , which contains more oxygen and less nitrogen , is commonly used as a breathing gas to reduce the risk of decompression sickness at recreational ...