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Moreover, river mouth bars are important hydrocarbon reservoirs, [14] [15] and have been widely interpreted in the geologic record. [16] [17] Analyses of the hydraulic and sedimentologic conditions of river mouth bar formation, progradation and aggradation, and prediction on their shape, size and spacing are incredibly valuable for reservoir ...
The long-term preserved geologic record of a sedimentary basin is a large scale contiguous three-dimensional package of sedimentary rocks created during a particular period of geologic time, a 'stratigraphic succession', that geologists continue to refer to as a sedimentary basin even if it is no longer a bathymetric or topographic depression. [6]
They are geological depressions, the inverse of domes. Elongated structural basins are a type of geological trough . Some structural basins are sedimentary basins , aggregations of sediment that filled up a depression or accumulated in an area; others were formed by tectonic events long after the sedimentary layers were deposited.
The aim of sedimentology, studying sediments, is to derive information on the depositional conditions which acted to deposit the rock unit, and the relation of the individual rock units in a basin into a coherent understanding of the evolution of the sedimentary sequences and basins, and thus, the Earth's geological history as a whole.
Panhole: a shallow depression or basin eroded into flat or gently sloping, cohesive rock. [2] Collapse-related: Sinkhole: a depression formed as a result of the collapse of rocks lying above a hollow. This is common in karst regions. Kettle: a shallow, sediment-filled body of water formed by melting glacial remnants in terminal moraines. [3]
The glass transition temperature of basalt is about 700 °C (1,292 °F). [4] The mechanisms controlling formation of volcanic glass are further illustrated by the two forms of basaltic glass, tachylite and sideromelane. Tachylite is opaque to transmitted light because of the abundance of tiny oxide mineral crystals suspended in the glass ...
Basement rock is the thick foundation of ancient, and oldest, metamorphic and igneous rock that forms the crust of continents, often in the form of granite. [2] Basement rock is contrasted to overlying sedimentary rocks which are laid down on top of the basement rocks after the continent was formed, such as sandstone and limestone.
Geologic map of the Michigan Basin. The Michigan Basin is a geologic basin centered on the Lower Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan.The feature is represented by a nearly circular pattern of geologic sedimentary strata in the area with a nearly uniform structural dip toward the center of the peninsula.