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In a fossil fuel power plant the chemical energy stored in fossil fuels such as coal, fuel oil, natural gas or oil shale and oxygen of the air is converted successively into thermal energy, mechanical energy and, finally, electrical energy. Each fossil fuel power plant is a complex, custom-designed system.
Natural gas burning on a gas stove Burning of natural gas coming out of the ground. Natural gas (also called fossil gas, methane gas, or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane (95%) [1] in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes.
In 2022, over 80% of primary energy consumption in the world and over 60% of its electricity supply were from fossil fuels. [5] The large-scale burning of fossil fuels causes serious environmental damage. Over 70% of the greenhouse gas emissions due to human activity in 2022 was carbon dioxide (CO 2) released from burning fossil fuels. [6]
Illustrating inputs and outputs of steam reforming of natural gas, a process to produce hydrogen and CO 2 greenhouse gas that may be captured with CCS. Steam reforming or steam methane reforming (SMR) is a method for producing syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) by reaction of hydrocarbons with water. Commonly, natural gas is the feedstock
A gas-fired power plant, sometimes referred to as gas-fired power station, natural gas power plant, or methane gas power plant, is a thermal power station that burns natural gas to generate electricity. Gas-fired power plants generate almost a quarter of world electricity and are significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions. [1]
Power stations burning coal, fuel oil, or natural gas are often called fossil fuel power stations. Some biomass -fueled thermal power stations have appeared also. Non-nuclear thermal power stations, particularly fossil-fueled plants, which do not use cogeneration are sometimes referred to as conventional power stations .
This natural hydrogen, also called white hydrogen or gold hydrogen, can be extracted from wells in a similar manner as fossil fuels such as oil and natural gas. [ 129 ] [ 130 ] [ 11 ] White hydrogen could be found or produced in the Mid-continental Rift System at scale for a renewable hydrogen economy .
One of the major environmental impacts of burning fossil fuels is the release of CO 2, which contributes to climate change. Because oxyfuel combustion results in flue gas that already has a high concentration of CO 2, it makes it easier to purify and store the CO 2 rather than releasing it to the atmosphere. [2]
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