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The study of plant response in space environments is another subject of astrobotany research. In space, plants encounter unique environmental stressors not found on Earth including microgravity, ionizing radiation, and oxidative stress. [23] Experiments have shown that these stressors cause genetic alterations in plant metabolism pathways.
Zinnia plant in bloom aboard an Earth orbiting space station. The growth of plants in outer space has elicited much scientific interest. [1] In the late 20th and early 21st century, plants were often taken into space in low Earth orbit to be grown in a weightless but pressurized controlled environment, sometimes called space gardens. [1]
A Veggie module weighs less than 8 kg (18 lb) and uses 90 watts. [7] It consists of three parts: a lighting system, a bellows enclosure, and a reservoir. [8] The lighting system regulates the amount and intensity of light plants receive, the bellows enclosure keeps the environment inside the unit separate from its surroundings, and the reservoir connects to plant pillows where the seeds grow.
Starting from an initial condition and moving forward in time, a deterministic process always generates the same trajectory, and no two trajectories cross in state space. Difference equations/Maps – discrete time, continuous state space. Ordinary differential equations – continuous time, continuous state space, no spatial derivatives.
A Flora is a book or other work which describes the plant species occurring in an area or time period, often with the aim of allowing identification. The term is usually capitalized to distinguish it from the use of "flora" to mean the plants rather than their descriptions. [1]
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The book also describes different types of ground, indicating which types are more convenient for plants and the qualities and properties of good ground. [ 13 ] Al-Dinawari quoted from other early Muslim botanical works that are now lost, such as those of al-Shaybani , Ibn al-Arabi, al-Bahili, and Ibn as-Sikkit .
Space farming refers to the cultivation of crops for food and other materials in space or on off-Earth celestial objects – equivalent to agriculture on Earth. Farming on celestial bodies, such as the Moon or Mars , shares many similarities with farming on a space station or space colony .