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At the bottom of the mantle lies a basal liquid silicate layer approximately 150–180 km thick. [44] [54] Mars's iron and nickel core is completely molten, with no solid inner core. [55] [56] It is around half of Mars's radius, approximately 1650–1675 km, and is enriched in light elements such as sulfur, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. [57] [58]
Earth radius (denoted as R 🜨 or R E) is the distance from the center of Earth to a point on or near its surface. Approximating the figure of Earth by an Earth spheroid (an oblate ellipsoid), the radius ranges from a maximum (equatorial radius, denoted a) of nearly 6,378 km (3,963 mi) to a minimum (polar radius, denoted b) of nearly 6,357 km (3,950 mi).
Mars: 6.39 × 10 23 kg 9.47 × ... This means the largest amount of water you can have without forming a black hole would have a radius of 400 920 754 km ...
As if k 2 is smaller than 0.10 a solid core would be indicated, this tells that at least the outer core is liquid on Mars, [31] and the predicted core radius is 1520–1840 km. [31] However, current radio tracking data from MGS, ODY and MRO does not allow the effect of phase lag on the tides to be detected because it is too weak and needs more ...
On the other hand, the penultimate equation becomes grossly inaccurate at great distances. If an object fell 10 000 m to Earth, then the results of both equations differ by only 0.08 %; however, if it fell from geosynchronous orbit, which is 42 164 km, then the difference changes to almost 64 %.
Newton's law of universal gravitation states that there is a gravitational force between any two masses that is equal in magnitude for each mass, and is aligned to ...
The northern polar cap has a diameter of approximately 1,000 km during the northern Mars summer, [110] and contains about 1.6 million cubic kilometres of ice, which if spread evenly on the cap would be 2 km thick. [111] (This compares to a volume of 2.85 million cubic kilometres for the Greenland ice sheet.)
Mars has a higher scale height of 11.1 km than Earth (8.5 km) because of its weaker gravity. [5] The theoretical dry adiabatic lapse rate of Mars is 4.3 °C km −1 , [ 129 ] but the measured average lapse rate is about 2.5 °C km −1 because the suspended dust particles absorb solar radiation and heat the air. [ 2 ]