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Severe diseases were often thought of as supernatural or magical. The result of the introduction of Eurasian diseases to the Americas was that many more native peoples were killed by disease and germs than by the colonists' use of guns or other weapons. Scholars estimate that over a period of four centuries, epidemic diseases wiped out as much ...
In the cities, the foundations of commercial pharmacy were slowly building. By 1721 there were "14 apothecary shops in Boston," [11] and the first "commissioned pharmaceutical officer in an American army" was the Boston apothecary, Andrew Craigie. [18] A sort of warrior-apothecary, he took part in the Battle of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775. And ...
U.S. expansionary hopes were temporarily dashed when Napoleon convinced Spain to transfer the province to France in the 1801 Treaty of Aranjuez. [14] Though French pressure played a role in the conclusion of the treaty, the Spanish also believed that French control of Louisiana would help protect New Spain from American expansion. [15]
The Australian company Nicholas Proprietary Limited, through the aggressive marketing strategies of George Davies, built Aspro into a global brand, with particular strength in Australia, New Zealand, and the U.K. [3]: 153–161 American brands such as Burton's Aspirin, Molloy's Aspirin, Cal-Aspirin and St. Joseph Aspirin tried to compete with ...
War on drugs A U.S. government PSA from the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration with a photo image of two marijuana cigarettes and a "Just Say No" slogan Date June 17, 1971 – present (53 years, 8 months and 2 weeks) Location Global Status Ongoing, widely viewed as a policy failure Belligerents United States US law enforcement Drug Enforcement Administration US Armed Forces ...
Parliament passed five major Acts, in 1729, 1736, 1743, 1747 and 1751, designed to control the consumption of gin. Though many similar drinks were available and alcohol consumption was considerable at all levels of society, gin caused the greatest public concern. Although it is commonly thought gin or Jenever was the particular drink that ...
Volwiler and Tabern were awarded U.S. Patent No. 2,153,729 in 1939 for the discovery of thiopental, and they were inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1986. In 1939, the search for a synthetic substitute for atropine culminated serendipitously in the discovery of meperidine, the first opiate with a structure altogether different ...
The manorial system, which existed under different names throughout Europe and Asia, allowed large landowners significant control over both their land and its laborers, in the form of peasants or serfs. [1] There were exchanges with distant regions mediated through the Arab world. Arabs introduced summer irrigation to Europe. [2]