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  2. Membrane transport protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_transport_protein

    Every carrier protein, especially within the same cell membrane, is specific to one type or family of molecules. GLUT1 is a named carrier protein found in almost all animal cell membranes that transports glucose across the bilayer. This protein is a uniporter, meaning it transports glucose along its concentration in a singular direction. It is ...

  3. Cellular respiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_respiration

    An uncoupling protein known as thermogenin is expressed in some cell types and is a channel that can transport protons. When this protein is active in the inner membrane it short circuits the coupling between the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis .

  4. Uniporter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniporter

    Mechanism of uniport transport across cell membrane. Uniporters work to transport molecules or ions by passive transport across a cell membrane down its concentration gradient. Upon binding and recognition of a specific substrate molecule on one side of the uniporter membrane, a conformational change is triggered in the transporter protein. [27]

  5. Membrane protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_protein

    Transport proteins move molecules and ions across the membrane. They can be categorized according to the Transporter Classification database. Membrane enzymes may have many activities, such as oxidoreductase, transferase or hydrolase. [3] Cell adhesion molecules allow cells to identify each other and interact

  6. Active transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_transport

    In cellular biology, active transport is the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration—against the concentration gradient. Active transport requires cellular energy to achieve this movement.

  7. Membrane transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_transport

    Thermodynamically the flow of substances from one compartment to another can occur in the direction of a concentration or electrochemical gradient or against it. If the exchange of substances occurs in the direction of the gradient, that is, in the direction of decreasing potential, there is no requirement for an input of energy from outside the system; if, however, the transport is against ...

  8. Protein targeting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_targeting

    Protein targeting or protein sorting is the biological mechanism by which proteins are transported to their appropriate destinations within or outside the cell. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ note 1 ] Proteins can be targeted to the inner space of an organelle , different intracellular membranes , the plasma membrane , or to the exterior of the cell via secretion .

  9. Transmembrane protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmembrane_protein

    Schematic representation of transmembrane proteins: 1) a single-pass membrane protein 2) a multipass membrane protein (α-helix) 3) a multipass membrane protein β-sheet. The membrane is represented in light yellow. A transmembrane protein is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of the cell membrane.