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Rather than a minimum 20 cm incision as in traditional (open) cholecystectomy, four incisions of 0.5–1.0 cm, or, beginning in the second decade of the 21st century, a single incision of 1.5–2.0 cm, [5] will be sufficient to perform a laparoscopic removal of a gallbladder. Since the gallbladder is similar to a small balloon that stores and ...
In anatomy, the abdominal wall represents the boundaries of the abdominal cavity.The abdominal wall is split into the anterolateral and posterior walls. [1]There is a common set of layers covering and forming all the walls: the deepest being the visceral peritoneum, which covers many of the abdominal organs (most of the large and small intestines, for example), and the parietal peritoneum ...
The most common incision for laparotomy is a vertical incision in the middle of the abdomen which follows the linea alba. [citation needed] The upper midline incision usually extends from the xiphoid process to the umbilicus. A typical lower midline incision is limited by the umbilicus superiorly and by the pubic symphysis inferiorly.
If a mass is present, the incision is made over the mass. Otherwise, the incision is made over McBurney's point (one-third of the way from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus), which represents the most common position of the base of the appendix. [9] The various layers of the abdominal wall are opened.
The rectus sheath (also called the rectus fascia [1]) is a tough fibrous compartment formed by the aponeuroses of the transverse abdominal muscle, and the internal and external oblique muscles. It contains the rectus abdominis and pyramidalis muscles, as well as vessels and nerves.
A hernia that exits the abdominal cavity directly through the deep layers of the abdominal wall, thereby bypassing the inguinal canal, is known as a direct inguinal hernia. In males with strong presentation of the cremasteric reflex , the testes can—during supine sexual activity or manual manipulation—partially or fully retract into the ...
The arcuate line of rectus sheath (the arcuate line or the semicircular line of Douglas) is a line of demarcation [1] corresponding to the free inferior margin of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath [2] inferior to which only the anterior layer of the rectus sheath is present [3] and the rectus abdominis muscle is therefore in direct contact with the transversalis fascia. [1]
Most tubal ligation procedures involve accessing the abdominal cavity through incisions in the abdominal wall and require some form of anesthesia. Major complications from laparoscopic surgery may include need for blood transfusion , infection , conversion to open surgery, or unplanned additional major surgery, while complications from ...