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  2. List of alchemical substances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_alchemical_substances

    Milk of sulfur (lac sulphuris) – formed by adding an acid to thion hudor (lime sulfur). Natron/soda ash/soda – sodium carbonate. Na 2 CO 3; Nitrum flammans – ammonium nitrate. Sugar of lead – lead(II) acetate, formed by dissolving lead oxide in vinegar. Thion hudor – lime sulfur, formed by boiling flowers of sulfur with slaked lime.

  3. Carbon snake - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_snake

    The carbon snake is a demonstration of the dehydration reaction of sugar by concentrated sulfuric acid. With concentrated sulfuric acid, granulated table sugar performs a degradation reaction which changes its form to a black solid-liquid mixture. [1] The carbon snake experiment can sometimes be misidentified as the black snake, "sugar snake ...

  4. Contact process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_process

    The contact process is a method of producing sulfuric acid in the high concentrations needed for industrial processes. Platinum was originally used as the catalyst for this reaction; however, because it is susceptible to reacting with arsenic impurities in the sulfur feedstock, vanadium(V) oxide (V 2 O 5) has since been preferred.

  5. Azeotrope tables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azeotrope_tables

    This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.

  6. Sulfuric acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfuric_acid

    Sulfuric acid (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid (Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen, with the molecular formula H 2 SO 4. It is a colorless, odorless, and viscous liquid that is miscible with water. [7] Structure ...

  7. Piranha solution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piranha_solution

    Piranha solution should always be prepared by adding hydrogen peroxide to sulfuric acid slowly, never in reverse order. [5] [6] This minimises the concentration of hydrogen peroxide during the mixing process, helping to reduce instantaneous heat generation and explosion risk. Mixing the solution is an extremely exothermic process.

  8. Oleum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleum

    Oleum (Latin oleum, meaning oil), or fuming sulfuric acid, is a term referring to solutions of various compositions of sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid, or sometimes more specifically to disulfuric acid (also known as pyrosulfuric acid). [1] Oleums can be described by the formula ySO 3 ·H 2 O where y is the total molar mass of sulfur trioxide ...

  9. Marquis reagent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marquis_reagent

    It is composed of a mixture of formaldehyde and concentrated sulfuric acid, which is dripped onto the substance being tested. The United States Department of Justice method for producing the reagent is the addition of 100 mL of concentrated (95–98%) sulfuric acid to 5 mL of 40% formaldehyde.