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Alfatradiol, also known as 17α-estradiol and sold under the brand names Avicis, Avixis, Ell-Cranell Alpha, and Pantostin, is a weak estrogen and 5α-reductase inhibitor medication which is used topically in the treatment of pattern hair loss (androgenic alopecia or pattern baldness) in men and women.
It may be effective in helping promote hair growth in both men and women with androgenic alopecia. [20] [21] About 40% of men experience hair regrowth after 3–6 months. [22] It is the only topical product that is FDA approved in America for androgenic hair loss. [20] However, increased hair loss has been reported. [23] [24]
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Side effects from topical and oral minoxidil can differ. When taken orally, minoxidil may cause side effects such as fluid retention, elevated heart rate and increased body hair growth.
Lotion is a low-viscosity topical preparation intended for application to the skin. By contrast, creams and gels have higher viscosity, typically due to lower water content. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Lotions are applied to external skin with bare hands, a brush, a clean cloth, or cotton wool .
[20] [106] [107] [5] Other possible side effects of estrogens may include high blood pressure, high blood sugar, enlargement of uterine fibroids, melasma, vaginal yeast infections, and liver problems. [20] In men, estrogens can cause breast pain or tenderness, gynecomastia (male breast development), feminization, demasculinization, sexual ...
Topically applied minoxidil is generally well tolerated, but common side effects include itching of the eyes, general itching, irritation at the treated area, and unwanted hair growth elsewhere on the body. [20] Alcohol and propylene glycol present in some topical preparations may dry the scalp, resulting in dandruff and contact dermatitis. [21]
According to a 2008 review of studies on tadalafil, 15 percent of men who used this medication at its highest recommended dose (20 milligrams) experienced headaches.