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Greek colonies were often established along coastlines, especially during the period of colonisation between the 8th and 6th centuries BC. Many Greek colonies were strategically positioned near coastlines to facilitate trade, communication, and access to maritime resources.
This is a timeline of ancient Greece from its emergence around 800 BC to its subjection to the Roman Empire in 146 BC. For earlier times, see Greek Dark Ages, Aegean civilizations and Mycenaean Greece. For later times see Roman Greece, Byzantine Empire and Ottoman Greece. For modern Greece after 1820, see Timeline of modern Greek history.
The Greek Middle Ages are coterminous with the duration of the Byzantine Empire (330–1453). [citation needed]After 395 the Roman Empire split in two. In the East, Greeks were the predominant national group and their language was the lingua franca of the region.
Archaic Greece was the period in Greek history lasting from c. 800 BC to the second Persian invasion of Greece in 480 BC, [1] following the Greek Dark Ages and succeeded by the Classical period. In the archaic period, the Greeks settled across the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea : by the end of the period, they were part of a trade network ...
Traditionally, the Ancient Greek period was taken to begin with the date of the first Olympic Games in 776 BC, but most historians now extend the term back to about 1000 BC, toward the beginning of the Greek Dark Ages. [citation needed] The Greek Dark Ages are succeeded by the Archaic period, which began c. 800 BC and lasted until the second ...
The high Middle Ages also saw the successive rise of two Berber powers, the Almoravids and the Almohads, in the Western Maghreb, fostering the developments of cities such as Marrakech and Fez upon their control over Trans-Saharan trade. [28] Cities in southern Iberia such as Almería (under Almoravid rule) also thrived in the High Middle Ages. [29]
This was not simply for trade, but also to found settlements. These Greek colonies were not, as Roman colonies were, dependent on their mother-city, but were independent city-states in their own right. [78] Greeks settled outside of Greece in two distinct ways. The first was in permanent settlements founded by Greeks, which formed as ...
Medieval Greece refers to geographic components of the area historically and modernly known as Greece, during the Middle Ages. These include: Byzantine Greece (Early to High Middle Ages) Northern Greece under the First Bulgarian Empire; various High Medieval Crusader states ("Frankish Greece") and Byzantine splinter states: Latin Empire