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Melqart (Phoenician: 饜饜饜饜饜, romanized: M墨lq膩rt) was the tutelary god of the Phoenician city-state of Tyre and a major deity in the Phoenician and Punic pantheons. He may have been central to the founding-myths of various Phoenician colonies throughout the Mediterranean , as well as the source of several myths concerning the ...
The Cippi of Melqart are a pair of Phoenician marble cippi that were unearthed in Malta under undocumented circumstances and dated to the 2nd century BC. These are votive offerings to the god Melqart, and are inscribed in two languages, Ancient Greek and Phoenician, and in the two corresponding scripts, the Greek and the Phoenician alphabet.
Articles relating to the god Melqart, his cult, and his depictions. He was the tutelary god of the Phoenician city-state of Tyre and a major deity in the Phoenician and Punic pantheons . He may have been central to the founding-myths of various Phoenician colonies throughout the Mediterranean , as well as the source of several myths concerning ...
Tyrian shekel of Alexander Balas, 152/1–145 BC Tyrian shekel with head of Melqart and Tyrou hieras kai asylou text, 102 BC. Tyrian shekels , tetradrachms , or tetradrachmas were coins of Tyre . Description
Scholarly interest increased in 1758, when Jean-Jacques Barthélémy deciphered the Phoenician alphabet, [8] and the number of known Phoenician inscriptions began to increase – the 1694 publication of the Cippi of Melqart was the first Phoenician inscription to be identified and published in modern times. [9]
The connections of Baal Hammon and Tanit to the Phoenician pantheon are debated: Tanit may have a Libyan origin, [12] but some scholars connect her to the Phoenician goddesses Anat, Astarte or Asherah; Baal Hammon is sometimes connected to Melqart or El. [4] The gods Eshmun and Melqart also had their own temples in Carthage. [4]
No.1 is from the Cippi of Melqart, No.2 is from the coins, and No. 3 is from the Pococke Kition inscriptions. The conventional date of 1050 BC for the emergence of the Phoenician script was chosen because there is a gap in the epigraphic record; there are not actually any Phoenician inscriptions securely dated to the 11th century. [17]
The Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II was the first of this type of inscription found anywhere in the Levant (modern Jordan, Palestine, Israel, Lebanon and Syria). [1] [2]The Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions, also known as Northwest Semitic inscriptions, [3] are the primary extra-Biblical source for understanding of the societies and histories of the ancient Phoenicians, Hebrews and Arameans.