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A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe or big iron, [1] is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and large-scale transaction processing.
IBM 704 mainframe at NACA in 1957. From 1952 into the late 1960s, IBM manufactured and marketed several large computer models, known as the IBM 700/7000 series.The first-generation 700s were based on vacuum tubes, while the later, second-generation 7000s used transistors.
The IBM 701 was the first computer in the IBM 700/7000 series, which were IBM’s high-end computers until the arrival of the IBM System/360 in 1964. [5] The business-oriented sibling of the 701 was the IBM 702 and a lower-cost general-purpose sibling was the IBM 650, which gained fame as the first mass-produced computer. [4] [6]
The IBM System/360 (S/360) is a family of mainframe computer systems announced by IBM on April 7, 1964, [1] and delivered between 1965 and 1978. [2] System/360 was the first family of computers designed to cover both commercial and scientific applications and a complete range of applications from small to large.
The IBM 704 is the model name of a large digital mainframe computer introduced by IBM in 1954. Designed by John Backus and Gene Amdahl, it was the first mass-produced computer with hardware for floating-point arithmetic. [1] [2] The IBM 704 Manual of operation states: [3]
The first experimental system went live in 1960 and the system took over all booking functions in 1964 – in both cases using IBM 7090 mainframes. In the early 1960s IBM undertook similar projects for other airlines and soon decided to produce a single standard booking system, PARS , to run on System/360 computers.
HP 3000 Series III. The HP 3000 series [1] is a family of 16-bit and 32-bit minicomputers from Hewlett-Packard. [2] It was designed to be the first minicomputer with full support for time-sharing in the hardware and the operating system, features that had mostly been limited to mainframes, or retrofitted to existing systems like Digital's PDP-11, on which Unix was implemented.
It was the company's response to Remington Rand's UNIVAC, which was the first mainframe computer to use magnetic tapes. As these machines were aimed at the business market, they lacked the leading-edge computational power of the IBM 701 and ERA 1103 , which were favored for scientific computing, [ 1 ] weather forecasting, the aircraft industry ...