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Acute promyelocytic leukemia is characterized by a chromosomal translocation involving the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) gene on chromosome 17. [3] In 95% of cases of APL, the RARA gene on chromosome 17 is involved in a reciprocal translocation with the promyelocytic leukemia gene (PML) on chromosome 15, a translocation denoted as t(15;17)(q22;q21). [3]
All subtypes except acute promyelocytic leukemia are usually given induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and an anthracycline such as daunorubicin or idarubicin. [60] This induction chemotherapy regimen is known as " 7+3 " (or "3+7"), because the cytarabine is given as a continuous IV infusion for seven consecutive days while the anthracycline ...
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a specific type of AML. In this leukemia promyelocytes are produced and build up in the bone marrow. A specific chromosome translocation (a type of genetic change) is found in patients with APL. Genes on chromosome 15 change places with genes on chromosome 17.
Subtypes of AML include acute promyelocytic leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) occurs mainly in adults; a very small number of children also develop this disease. It is treated with imatinib (Gleevec in United States, Glivec in Europe) or other drugs. [20]
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) is a subtype of Acute Myeloid Leukemia, known for its accumulation of abnormal, course, densely granulated promyelocytes in the bone marrow. [6] The excessive proliferation of promyelocytes, attributing at least 30% of the myeloid cells in the bone marrow, result in a depletion of blood cells, including white ...
RARA’s role in the developing immune system leaves it subject to possible defects, the most common of which is a condition known as Acute Promyeloid Leukemia (APL) caused by a somatic mutation described by the fusion of RARA and the PML gene located on chromosome 15. [1]
Retinoic acid syndrome (RAS) is a potentially life-threatening complication observed in people with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APML) and first thought to be specifically associated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (also known as tretinoin) treatment. [1]
The cause of acute promyelocytic leukemia is the translocation of the gene encoding the retinoic acid receptor (RARα) from chromosome 17 to a location near the PML gene on chromosome 15. This leads to the fusion of genes and the production of the PML/RARα protein. [30]