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The Uzawa–Lucas model is an economic model that explains long-term economic growth as consequence of human capital accumulation. Developed by Robert Lucas, Jr., [1] building upon initial contributions by Hirofumi Uzawa, [2] it extends the AK model by a two-sector setup, in which physical and human capital are produced by different technologies.
The endogenous growth theory primarily holds that the long run growth rate of an economy depends on policy measures. For example, subsidies for research and development or education increase the growth rate in some endogenous growth models by increasing the incentive for innovation.
Lucas (1988) is a seminal contribution in the economic development and growth literature. [22] Lucas and Paul Romer heralded the birth of endogenous growth theory and the resurgence of research on economic growth in the late 1980s and the 1990s. [23] [24]
Robert Lucas, Jr. adopted the concept to explain increasing returns to embodied human capital. [6] Xiaokai Yang and Jeff Borland have shown learning-by-doing plays a role in the evolution of countries to greater specialisation in production. [7] In both these cases, learning-by-doing and increasing returns provide an engine for long run growth.
Endogenous-growth theory provided standard economic reasons for why firms innovate, leading economists to think of innovation and technical change as determined by economic actors, that is endogenously to economic activities, and thus belong inside the model. Endogenous growth theory started with Paul Romer's 1986 paper, [24] borrowing from ...
BNL Quarterly Review, vol. 53, pp. 349-381, page 366, the following is claimed: ‘Beginning in the middle 1980s with the work of Romer (1986) and Lucas (1988) and continuing with a flood of articles there has been an active attempt to extend the neoclassical model by making the steady-state rate of growth itself and endogenous variable.
Endogenous growth theories implied that countries could experience rapid "catch-up" growth through an open society that encouraged the inflow of technology and ideas from other nations. [181] Endogenous growth theory also suggested that governments should intervene to encourage investment in research and development because the private sector ...
In macroeconomics, the cost of business cycles is the decrease in social welfare, if any, caused by business cycle fluctuations.. Nobel economist Robert Lucas proposed measuring the cost of business cycles as the percentage increase in consumption that would be necessary to make a representative consumer indifferent between a smooth, non-fluctuating, consumption trend and one that is subject ...