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Performance indicators differ from business drivers and aims (or goals). A school might consider the failure rate of its students as a key performance indicator which might help the school understand its position in the educational community, whereas a business might consider the percentage of income from returning customers as a potential KPI.
Performance Reference Model of the Federal Enterprise Architecture, 2005. [6] Defining performance measures or methods by which they can be chosen is also a popular activity for academics—for example a list of railway infrastructure indicators is offered by Stenström et al., [7] a novel method for measure selection is proposed by Mendibil et ...
In 1990, Schneiderman participated in an unrelated research study led by Robert S. Kaplan in conjunction with US management consultancy Nolan-Norton, [9] and during this study described his work on performance measurement. [4] Subsequently, Kaplan and David P. Norton included anonymous details of this balanced scorecard design in a 1992 article ...
The composite index or composite indicator (abbreviated as c-score) [1] [2] is a new numerical indicator that evaluates the quality of a scientist's research publications, regardless of the scientific field in which he/she operates. [3] [4] [5]
In statistics and research design, an indicator is an observed value of a variable, or in other words "a sign of a presence or absence of the concept being studied". [1] Just like each color indicates in a traffic lights the change in the movement.
In statistics and research design, an index is a composite statistic – a measure of changes in a representative group of individual data points, or in other words, a compound measure that aggregates multiple indicators. [1] [2] Indices – also known as indexes and composite indicators – summarize and rank specific observations. [2]
Target future performance; Communicate; Adjust goal; Implement; Review and recalibrate; The following is an example of a typical benchmarking methodology: Identify problem areas: Because benchmarking can be applied to any business process or function, a range of research techniques may be required.
Despite its criticisms, the UK’s research impact evaluation system – assessing the quality of research outputs, research impact and research environment – has inspired the designs of research excellence evaluations and/or performance-based research funding systems across other European countries, including Italy, Norway, Portugal and ...