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Using fMRI brain imaging, scientists found three main areas stimulated by colour: V1, an area in the ventral occipital lobe, specifically the lingual gyrus, which was designated as human V4, or hV4, and another area located anteriorly in the fusiform gyrus, designated as V4α.
Chemical signaling between neurons is mediated by neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, hormones, neuromodulators, and many other types of signaling molecules. Many neurological diseases arise due to an imbalance in the brain's neurochemistry. For example, in Parkinson's Disease, there is an imbalance in the brain's level of dopamine.
The color of chemicals is a physical property of chemicals that in most cases comes from the excitation of electrons due to an absorption of energy performed by the chemical. The study of chemical structure by means of energy absorption and release is generally referred to as spectroscopy .
The fusiform gyrus is the hypothetical location of V4α, a secondary area for colour processing. More: Colour centre. Visual area V4 is one of the visual areas in the extrastriate visual cortex. In macaques, it is located anterior to V2 and posterior to the posterior inferotemporal area (PIT). It comprises at least four regions (left and right ...
One such region is the nucleus accumbens—a key part of the brain’s reward system that’s fueled by dopamine, a chemical that Wise fondly refers to as “the slutty neurotransmitter” because ...
The human brain is the central organ of the nervous system, and with the spinal cord, comprises the central nervous system. It consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum. The brain controls most of the activities of the body, processing, integrating, and coordinating the information it receives from the sensory nervous system ...
Color processing in the extended V4 occurs in millimeter-sized color modules called globs. [30] [31] This is the part of the brain in which color is first processed into the full range of hues found in color space. [37] [30] [31] Anatomical studies have shown that neurons in extended V4 provide input to the inferior temporal lobe. "IT" cortex ...
Visually, the interior of the brain consists of areas of so-called grey matter, with a dark color, separated by areas of white matter, with a lighter color. Further information can be gained by staining slices of brain tissue with a variety of chemicals that bring out areas where specific types of molecules are present in high concentrations.