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  2. XYZ Affair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XYZ_Affair

    The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic episode in 1797 and 1798, ... Talleyrand, who had recently spent a few years in the United States, was openly concerned ...

  3. Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Maurice_de...

    He was behind the demand for bribes in the XYZ Affair which escalated into the Quasi-War, an undeclared naval war with the United States, 1798–1800. Talleyrand saw a possible political career for Napoleon during the Italian campaigns of 1796 to 1797. He wrote many letters to Napoleon, and the two became close allies.

  4. Charles Cotesworth Pinckney - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Cotesworth_Pinckney

    In what became known as the XYZ Affair, the French demanded a bribe before they would agree to meet with the U.S. delegation. Pinckney returned to the United States, accepting an appointment as a general during the Quasi-War with France. Though he had resisted joining either major party for much of the 1790s, Pinckney began to identify with the ...

  5. History of U.S. foreign policy, 1776–1801 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_U.S._foreign...

    A political cartoon depicts the XYZ Affair – America is a woman being plundered by Frenchmen. (1798) In an April 1798 speech to Congress, Adams publicly revealed Talleyrand's machinations, sparking public outrage at the French. [119] Democratic-Republicans were skeptical of the administration's account of what became known as the "XYZ affair."

  6. History of the United States (1789–1815) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United...

    Federalists used the "XYZ Affair" to create a new American army, strengthen the fledgling United States Navy, impose the Alien and Sedition Acts to stop pro-French activities (which had severe repercussions for American civil liberties), and enact new taxes to pay for it.

  7. Baron Jean-Conrad Hottinguer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baron_Jean-Conrad_Hottinguer

    In the late 18th century, Hottinguer was one of the French agents involved in the XYZ Affair, a much-publicized diplomatic scandal between France and the United States. In the beginning 19th century, a family friend and associate, Henri Escher, established the first Hottinger representative office in America.

  8. Hottinger & Cie - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hottinger_&_Cie

    The XYZ Affair was a political and diplomatic scandal which led to the Quasi-War of 1798 between the French and the US. Jean-Conrad Hottinger (known as X), engaged as a French diplomat by the French foreign minister, Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand , led negotiations with an American diplomatic commission who sought to negotiate terms with the ...

  9. List of federal political scandals in the United States

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_federal_political...

    The XYZ Affair was the French seizure of over 300 US ships and demands for bribes and apologies, which led to a Quasi-War causing the US Congress to issue the famous phrase, "Millions for defense, sir, but not one cent for tribute!". Real war was averted by treaty.