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  2. Neurotoxicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotoxicity

    All symptoms listed above are consistent with mold mycotoxin accumulation. [7] The term neurotoxicity implies the involvement of a neurotoxin; however, the term neurotoxic may be used more loosely to describe states that are known to cause physical brain damage, but where no specific neurotoxin has been identified. [citation needed]

  3. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experimental_autoimmune...

    In many protocols, mice are coinjected with pertussis toxin to break down the blood-brain barrier and allow immune cells access to the CNS tissue. This immunisation leads to multiple small disseminated lesions of demyelination (as well as micro-necroses) in the brain and spinal cord and the onset of clinical symptoms. [citation needed]

  4. Toxic encephalopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxic_encephalopathy

    Toxic encephalopathy is a neurologic disorder caused by exposure to neurotoxic organic solvents such as toluene, following exposure to heavy metals such as manganese, as a side effect of melarsoprol treatment for African trypanosomiasis, adverse effects to prescription drugs, or exposure to extreme concentrations of any natural toxin such as cyanotoxins found in shellfish or freshwater ...

  5. Neurotoxin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotoxin

    The progressive symptoms of anatoxin-a exposure are loss of coordination, twitching, convulsions and rapid death by respiratory paralysis. The nerve tissues which communicate with muscles contain a receptor called the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Stimulation of these receptors causes a muscular contraction.

  6. Neuroinflammation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroinflammation

    Neuroinflammation is widely regarded as chronic, as opposed to acute, inflammation of the central nervous system. [5] Acute inflammation usually follows injury to the central nervous system immediately, and is characterized by inflammatory molecules, endothelial cell activation, platelet deposition, and tissue edema. [6]

  7. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic...

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 23 January 2025. Claimed sensitivity to electromagnetic fields This article is about a pseudomedical diagnosis. For the recognized effects of electromagnetic radiation on human health, see Electromagnetic radiation and health. Electromagnetic hypersensitivity Idiopathic environmental intolerance ...

  8. Neurostimulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurostimulation

    Therefore, no one can be sure that electrical and magnetic fields reach only those neural structures of the brain that need treatment. An undefined dose and target of radiation can destroy healthy cells during a treatment procedure. Non-invasive brain tissue stimulation targets a large area of poorly characterized tissue.

  9. Intranasal drug delivery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intranasal_drug_delivery

    The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a semipermeable membrane that separates the blood from the brain’s interstitial fluid. It is formed by tight junctions between endothelial cells, astrocytes, and pericytes in the brain’s capillaries, and has high electrical resistance.