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  2. Infimum and supremum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infimum_and_supremum

    The infimum is, in a precise sense, dual to the concept of a supremum. Infima and suprema of real numbers are common special cases that are important in analysis, and especially in Lebesgue integration. However, the general definitions remain valid in the more abstract setting of order theory where arbitrary partially ordered sets are considered.

  3. List of musical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_musical_symbols

    Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...

  4. List of quarter tone pieces - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_quarter_tone_pieces

    The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan. Saffle, Michael. 2000. Perspectives on American Music, 1900–1950. ISBN 978-0-8153-2145-3. Saito, Mitsuru. 2008. A Critique of Etudes and Method Books for Advanced Euphoniumists: Status Quo and Future Recommendations ...

  5. Musical form - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_form

    In music, form refers to the structure of a musical composition or performance.In his book, Worlds of Music, Jeff Todd Titon suggests that a number of organizational elements may determine the formal structure of a piece of music, such as "the arrangement of musical units of rhythm, melody, and/or harmony that show repetition or variation, the arrangement of the instruments (as in the order of ...

  6. Least-upper-bound property - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least-upper-bound_property

    In mathematics, the least-upper-bound property (sometimes called completeness, supremum property or l.u.b. property) [1] is a fundamental property of the real numbers. More generally, a partially ordered set X has the least-upper-bound property if every non-empty subset of X with an upper bound has a least upper bound (supremum) in X .

  7. Neutral interval - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutral_interval

    For example, in equal temperament, a major third is 400 cents, a minor third is 300 cents, and a neutral third is 350 cents. A neutral interval inverts to a neutral interval. For example, the inverse of a neutral third is a neutral sixth. Roughly, neutral intervals are a quarter tone sharp from minor intervals and a quarter tone flat from major ...

  8. Dotted note - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dotted_note

    Use of a triple-dotted note value is not common in the Baroque and Classical periods, but quite common in the music of Richard Wagner and Anton Bruckner, especially in their brass parts. [citation needed] An example of the use of double- and triple-dotted notes is in Frédéric Chopin's Prelude in G major for piano, Op. 28, No. 3.

  9. Quartal and quintal harmony - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartal_and_quintal_harmony

    The terms quartal and quintal imply a contrast, either compositional or perceptual, with traditional harmonic constructions based on thirds: listeners familiar with music of the common practice period are guided by tonalities constructed with familiar elements: the chords that make up major and minor scales, all in turn built from major and minor thirds.