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Aphasia. This is a disorder that impacts the way a person comprehends, speaks, and writes language. Aphasia usually is a result of traumatic head injury or stroke, but can have other causes such as tumors or progressive diseases. [18] There are several types of aphasia, with the two most popular being Broca’s Aphasia and Wernicke’s Aphasia.
Expressive aphasia (also known as Broca's aphasia) is a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language (spoken, manual, [1] or written), although comprehension generally remains intact. [2] A person with expressive aphasia will exhibit effortful speech.
Paraphasia is associated with fluent aphasias, characterized by "fluent spontaneous speech, long grammatically shaped sentences and preserved prosody abilities." [4] Examples of these fluent aphasias include receptive or Wernicke's aphasia, anomic aphasia, conduction aphasia, and transcortical sensory aphasia, among others.
Patients with Wernicke's aphasia demonstrate fluent speech, which is characterized by typical speech rate, intact syntactic abilities and effortless speech output. [3] Writing often reflects speech in that it tends to lack content or meaning. In most cases, motor deficits (i.e. hemiparesis) do not occur in individuals with Wernicke's aphasia. [4]
Wernicke's area (/ ˈ v ɛər n ɪ k ə /; German: [ˈvɛɐ̯nɪkə]), also called Wernicke's speech area, is one of the two parts of the cerebral cortex that are linked to speech, the other being Broca's area. It is involved in the comprehension of written and spoken language, in contrast to Broca's area, which is primarily involved in the ...
Instead, it requires speech production damage, where the desired phonemes are selected erroneously or in an incorrect sequence. [7] Therefore, although Wernicke's aphasia, a combination of phonological retrieval and semantic systems impairment, affects speech comprehension, it also involves speech production damage. [7]
Those with Wernicke's aphasia typically speak in full sentences with semi-coherent contents that may not be relevant to the topic. For example, a person with Broca's aphasia may say "Boy... down.. taking... cookie", while a person with Wernicke's aphasia describing the same scene may say "Mother is away working her work out of here, but when ...
Also, a person with expressive aphasia understands another person's speech but has trouble responding quickly. [21] Receptive aphasia also known as Wernicke's aphasia, receptive aphasia is a fluent aphasia that is categorized by damage to the temporal lobe region of the brain. A person with receptive aphasia usually speaks in long sentences ...