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  2. N50, L50, and related statistics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N50,_L50,_and_related...

    The size of assembly B is 305 kbp, the N50 contig length drops to 50 kbp because 80 + 70 + 50 is greater than 50% of 305, and the L50 contig count is 3 contigs. This example illustrates that one can sometimes increase the N50 length simply by removing some of the shortest contigs or scaffolds from an assembly.

  3. Data orientation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_orientation

    For example, a table of 128 rows with a Boolean column requires 128 bytes a row-oriented format (one byte per Boolean) but 128 bits (16 bytes) in a column-oriented format (via a bitmap). Another example is the use of run-length encoding to encode a column.

  4. Comma-separated values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values

    Example of a USA/UK CSV file (where the decimal separator is a period/full stop and the value separator is a comma): Year,Make,Model,Length 1997,Ford,E350,2.35 2000,Mercury,Cougar,2.38 Example of an analogous European CSV/ DSV file (where the decimal separator is a comma and the value separator is a semicolon):

  5. Row- and column-major order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Row-_and_column-major_order

    More generally, there are d! possible orders for a given array, one for each permutation of dimensions (with row-major and column-order just 2 special cases), although the lists of stride values are not necessarily permutations of each other, e.g., in the 2-by-3 example above, the strides are (3,1) for row-major and (1,2) for column-major.

  6. Type–length–value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type–length–value

    The type and length are fixed in size (typically 1–4 bytes), and the value field is of variable size. These fields are used as follows: Type A binary code, often simply alphanumeric, which indicates the kind of field that this part of the message represents; Length The size of the value field (typically in bytes); Value

  7. Exploratory data analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploratory_data_analysis

    To illustrate, consider an example from Cook et al. where the analysis task is to find the variables which best predict the tip that a dining party will give to the waiter. [12] The variables available in the data collected for this task are: the tip amount, total bill, payer gender, smoking/non-smoking section, time of day, day of the week ...

  8. Help:Columns - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Columns

    To create columns in an article one may use {} and {}. Note that this is not supported by Internet Explorer version 9 and below or Opera version 11 and below — see {{ Div col }} for details. To illustrate the use of these templates, this example uses the {{ lorem }} template to generate Lorem ipsum placeholder text.

  9. Hamming code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamming_code

    For each integer r ≥ 2 there is a code-word with block length n = 2 r − 1 and message length k = 2 r − r − 1. Hence the rate of Hamming codes is R = k / n = 1 − r / (2 r − 1) , which is the highest possible for codes with minimum distance of three (i.e., the minimal number of bit changes needed to go from any code word to any other ...