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Use of SPT data for direct prediction of liquefaction potential suffers from roughness of correlations and from the need to "normalize" SPT data to account for overburden pressure, sampling technique, and other factors. [4] Additionally, the method cannot collect accurate data for weak soil layers for several reasons:
Preconsolidation pressure is the maximum effective vertical overburden stress that a particular soil sample has sustained in the past. [1] This quantity is important in geotechnical engineering , particularly for finding the expected settlement of foundations and embankments.
One advantage of CPT over the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is a more continuous profile of soil parameters, with data recorded at intervals typically of 20 cm but as small as 1 cm. Manufacturers of cone penetrometer probes and data acquisition systems include Hogentogler, which has been acquired by the Vertek Division of Applied Research ...
Pressure is force magnitude applied over an area. Overburden pressure is a geology term that denotes the pressure caused by the weight of the overlying layers of material at a specific depth under the earth's surface. [1] Overburden pressure is also called lithostatic pressure, or vertical stress. [2]
CITHP – closed-in tubing head pressure (tubing head pressure when the well is shut in) CIV – chemical injection valve CK – choke (a restriction in a flowline or a system, usually referring to a production choke during a test or the choke in the well control system)
Pressure increases with fluid density. To find out the amount of pressure fluid of a known density exerts per unit length, the pressure gradient is used. The pressure gradient is defined as the pressure increase per unit of depth due to its density and it is usually measured in pounds per square inch per foot or bars per meter.
The Corrected d-exponent, also known as dc-exponent or cd-exponent, is a parameter used in mud logging and formation pore pressure analysis in the petroleum industry. It is an extrapolation of certain drilling parameters to estimate a pressure gradient for pore pressure evaluation while drilling, particularly in over-pressured zones.
In fluid dynamics, head is a concept that relates the energy in an incompressible fluid to the height of an equivalent static column of that fluid. From Bernoulli's principle, the total energy at a given point in a fluid is the kinetic energy associated with the speed of flow of the fluid, plus energy from static pressure in the fluid, plus energy from the height of the fluid relative to an ...