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Efbemalenograstim alfa can cause fatal splenic rupture, acute respiratory distress syndrome, serious allergic reactions including anaphylaxis, sickle cell crises in patients with sickle cell disorders, glomerulonephritis, thrombocytopenia, capillary leak syndrome, and myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia in people with breast and lung cancer.
Neutropenia itself is a rare entity, but can be clinically common in oncology [35] and immunocompromised individuals as a result of chemotherapy (drug-induced neutropenia). Additionally, acute neutropenia can be commonly seen from people recovering from a viral infection or in a post-viral state.
Aplastic anemia causes a deficiency of all blood cell types: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. [5] [6] It occurs most frequently in people in their teens and twenties but is also common among the elderly. It can be caused by immune disease, or by exposure to chemicals, drugs, or radiation. However, in about half of cases, the ...
Drug induced immune mediated hemolytic anemia Penicillin (high dose) Methyldopa; Hemoglobinopathies (where these is an unstable or crystalline hemoglobin) Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (rare acquired clonal disorder of red blood cell surface proteins) Direct physical damage to RBCs Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Neutropenia indicates a deficiency of neutrophils (the most common granulocyte cell) only. [citation needed] To be precise, neutropenia is the term normally used to describe absolute neutrophil counts (ANCs) of less than 500 cells per microlitre, whereas agranulocytosis is reserved for cases with ANCs of less than 100 cells per microlitre.
The causes of monocytopenia include: acute infections, stress, treatment with glucocorticoids, aplastic anemia, hairy cell leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, treatment with myelotoxic drugs, intestinal resection, and genetic syndromes, as for example MonoMAC syndrome. [3]
About seven per 100,000 people are affected by MDS; about four per 100,000 people newly acquire the condition each year. [4] The typical age of onset is 70 years. [ 4 ] The prognosis depends on the type of cells affected, the number of blasts in the bone marrow or blood, and the changes present in the chromosomes of the affected cells. [ 3 ]
Neutropenia – a type of leukopenia, with a specific deficiency in neutrophils [2] Thrombocytopenia – a deficiency of platelets; Pancytopenia – when all three types of blood cells; red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, are all deficient. This is a life-threatening disorder that is a characteristic of aplastic anemia. [3]